有机化合物（organic compound）.docVIP

有机化合物（organic compound） 1. alkenes, alkynes and dienes: (1) bromine carbon tetrachloride solution, red leg go (2) Potassium Permanganate solution, purple leg. 2. containing hydrogen alkyne alkyne: (1) silver nitrate yields silver white precipitate (2) ammonia solution of cuprous chloride, alkynyl copper bromide red precipitate. 3. small: three or four yuan of alicyclic hydrocarbon can make the bromine carbon tetrachloride solution leg color 4. halogenated hydrocarbons: alcohol solution of silver nitrate, silver halide precipitate formation; halogenated hydrocarbons generate different structure precipitation at different speeds, halohydrocarbons and tertiary allylic halides is the fastest, Naka Yojinno, heated to appear precipitation of primary alkyl halides. 5. alcohols: (1) react with metal sodium to produce hydrogen (identifying alcohols below 6 carbon atoms); (2) identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols with Lucas reagent; the tertiary alcohol immediately became cloudy; the secondary alcohol was turbid after placing; and no change was found after primary alcohol placement. 6. phenols or enol compounds: (1) produce color with ferric chloride solution (phenol produces blue purple). (2) phenol and bromine generated tribromophenol white precipitate. 7. carbonyl compounds: (1) identify all aldehydes and ketones: 2 4- two, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, yellow or orange red precipitate; (2) the difference between aldehydes and ketones with Tollen reagent, aldehyde and ketone can generate the silver mirror, not; (3) the difference between aromatic aldehydes and aliphatic aldehydes or ketones and aliphatic aldehydes, aliphatic aldehydes generated by Fehling reagent, brick red precipitate, and ketones and aromatic aldehydes can; (4) identification of methyl ketone and structure of alcohol, sodium hydroxide solution of iodine, produces a yellow precipitate of iodoform. 8.: with Tollen reagent, formic acid can generate the silver mirror, and other acid. 9. amin