oracle数据库中sql基础（SQL base in Oracle Database）.docVIP

oracle数据库中sql基础（SQL base in Oracle Database） SQL base in Oracle Database First, some concepts of relational database 1, the value of the primary key can not be changed in general 2 、 foreign key: the field that refers to the primary key or unique key of another table or table. The value of the foreign key must be the same as that of a primary key, or empty. 3, database pairs like: table, view, sequence, index, synonym, program (process, function, SQL and pl/sql data) 4, SQL, command category Data retrieval data retrieval: Select Data manipulationlanguage (DML) data manipulation language: insert, update, delete Data definition language (DDL) data definition language: create, alter, drop, rename, truncate Transaction control transaction control: commit, rollback, savepoint Data control language (DCL) data control language: Grant, revoke The execution of the DCL and DDL commands results in an implicit commit, and the previously uncommitted operations (including the DML command) are submitted to the log file and written to the data file at the appropriate time. Two, SQL syntax Connection number: 1) || 2) connect the two characters together Eg:select game_card_type_id||name from game_card_type; 3) select, distinct, dept_id, title, from, EMP: unique to multiple fields 4) order, by, desc (descending order) Order, by, ASC (ascending order) 5) where, column, is (not) null 6) like _a% _ represents a character. % indicates how many characters Like %x\_y% escape ` \ : displays characters including x_y 7) where table1.column (+) =table2.column Place, the, operator, on, the, of, the, join, where, side, there, is, no,, value, to, join, to. 8) connection type: Equijoin: equation query Non_equijoin: inequality query Self: builds connections with himself Out, join:where, a.column=b.column (+) The operators that can be used are: =, and, and cannot use or, in 9) the null value line is ignored when the column used by the COUNT function contains null values. 10) the difference between in