中外古代部分（Ancient Chinese and foreign parts）.doc

中外古代部分（Ancient Chinese and foreign parts） I. ancient Chinese political system 1. Chinas early political system The system of enfeoffment and patriarchal clan system. Features: the king of Zhou is Lord of the world, the establishment of local states (fenfengzhi); on the basis of blood relationship blood ties and politics combined with the implementation of primogeniture (Zong Fazhi). Relationship: the enfeoffment system is reflected in the political system of the patriarchal clan system, to consolidate the ruling order of the formation of the enfeoffment system. 2, the centralized system (1) the formation of the centralized system of Qin Dynasty Content: Emperor system; Jiuqing three system; the system of prefectures and counties. Features: the supreme imperial power; Jiuqing three both with and contain; form a complete set of local bureaucracy. Function: the foundation of the ancient political system. (2) the evolution of the political system from Han to yuan Central system: the Six Dynasties in the Han Dynasty and the three dynasties in the Sui and Tang Dynasties; two departments of the Song Dynasty and two divisions of the song dynasty. Local system: the early Han Dynasty Junguo parallel system, governor system; the Tang Dynasty Song Dynasty fumiomi do Jiedushi; local officials; Yuan Dynasty province system. Two trends: the strengthening of imperial power, the gradual weakening of the right to power, the weakening of local forces, and the strengthening of the central government. 3., the strengthening of autocratic monarchy in Ming and Qing Dynasties Move: the Ming Dynasty abolished the position of prime minister, the cabinet set; the Qing Dynasty set up the military department. Results: autocratic monarchy reached its peak. 4. comprehensive comparison 1., macro grasp the evolution of the centralized system Venation: the germination of the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States Period - the establishment of the Qin Dynasty - the development of the Han Dyna