改性粘土的制备-有色金属科学与工程.DOC

改性粘土的制备及吸附Zn2+的研究 王海宁，潘方明，肖前斌 （江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院，江西赣州341000） [摘要] 实验室对富镁纤维状硅酸盐粘土进行酸改性和钾盐活化处理，并与聚合羟基铁离子进行聚合反应，制备了一种新型粘土复合絮凝剂。对重金属离子Zn2+的吸附性能试验结果表明，pH值对复合絮凝剂吸附Zn2+影响很大，当pH 2时，Zn2+去除率只有20%左右，当pH6时，Zn2+去除率达到95%；初始浓度对Zn2+的去除率影响较大，去除率随着初始浓度的上升而下降；而温度、絮凝剂投加量对Zn2+去除率影响相对较小。改性后粘土矿物对Zn2+有较强的去除能力，常温下，当pH为6～8、投加量为0.3 g、500 r/min转速条件下快速搅拌5 min、100 r/min转速条件下慢速搅拌10 min、静置60 min时，Zn2+的去除率可达95%，该方法工艺简单且无二次污染。 [关键词] 粘土；复合絮凝剂；聚合羟基铁；制备 Fabrication of modified clay and study of its adsorption to Zn2+ Wang Haining,Pan Fangming,Xiao Qianbin (Faculty of Resources and Environment Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Jiangxiganzhou 341000,China) Abstract:The fibrous silicate clay mineral with being rich of Magnesium was modified with acid and activated with potassium salt in the laboratory. Through the polymerization reaction between hydroxy-Fe ions and the modified clay mineral,a novel compound flocculants was prepared.The results of adsorption performance test of Zn2+ showed that the adsorption abilities were obviously affected by pH value of solution，removal rate of Zn2+ is about 20% when pH 2 and will reach 95% when pH6;the removal rate of Zn2+ declined with the rise of initial concentration;the removal rete were less affected by temperature and amount of sorbent . The clay mineral have stronger ability on Zn2+ removal after modification,under room temperature,when pH was within 6～8、dosage was 0.3 g、stirred 5 min when the stirring frequency was 500 r/min 、and stirred 10 min when the stirring frequency was 100 r/min、holding time was 60 min,the removal rates of Zn2+ were up to 95% Keywords: clay; compound flocculant; polymerization hydroxyl-iron; preparation 随着矿山开采、金属冶炼、化工加工等生产活动的日益增多，含金属离子废水的排放量在不断增加，且进入生态系统，这不仅造成严重的环境污染，危及人类生命安全，而且造成一定的资源浪费。目前，国内外处理重金属废水主要是物化法中的吸附法，该方法对重金属的去除率较高，但常用的活性炭等吸附材料，虽使用范围广，吸附能力较强，但应用成本较高。为此，许多研究者在寻求廉价、高性能的新型吸附剂材料。粘土矿物以其种类繁多、储量丰富、价格低廉、效果好，对环境无害等优点已成为国内外研究处理重金属废水的热点[1-12]。因此，以某种粘土矿物为主要原料，制备处理重金属废水的复合絮凝剂具有重要意义。 1 复合絮凝剂的制备 1.1 实验材料 实验用粘土原矿未经选矿富集