中考英语宾语定语状语从句考点扫描题目已有答案.docVIP

中考英语宾语从句考点扫描 一，引导词?? A:由that?引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say，?think，?wish?，?hope，?see，?believe，?agree，?expect，?hear?，?feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。?例：I?told?him?that?he?was?wrong.? 在think，believe，?suppose，?expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think?等动词变为否定形式。?例：I?don’t?think?you?are?right.?(我认为你做的不对)? 在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。? 例：We?think?it?wrong?that?he?told?a?lie?to?everyone?(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)? B：由连词if、?whether?引导的表示是否的宾语从句。Whether，if?在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if?可以替换.例：I?don’t?know?if/whether?he?will?come?tomorrow.? The?teacher?asked?if/whether?we?had?finished?the?experiment在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导? 例：Everything?depends?on?whether?we?have?enough?money宾语从句中有or?not时不用if引导.? 例：I?don’t?know?whether?the?movie?star?will?come?or?not.?l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.? 例：Whether?to?go?there?or?not?hasn’t?been?decided.? C：由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who，whom，whose，?what，?which，和连接副词when，?where，?why，?how?等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。?例：Do?you?know?which?film?they?are?talking?about??(which做定语)?I?don’t?know?where?he?lives.?(where?做地点状语)?? 二，宾语从句的语序?? 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分?例：I?believe?that?they?will?come?soon.?He?asked?me?whether?I?was?a?teacher.? They?wanted?to?know?what?they?can?do?for?us.? 三，宾语从句的时态。?? 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，即：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例:?1)She?says?that?she?is?a?student.?She?said?that?she?was?a?student.? 2)She?says?that?she?will?fly?to?Japan?in?a?week.?She?said?that?she?would?fly?to?Japan?in?a?week 3)She?says?that?she?has?finished?her?homework?already.?She?said?that?she?had?finished?her?homework?already.? 4)She?says?that?she?can?sing?a?song?in?English.?She?said?that?she?could?sing?a?song?in?English.? 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。? 例：The?teacher?said?that?the?earth?goes?round?the?sun.?He?told?me?that?Japan?is?an?island?country.? Could?you?tell?me是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。?例：Could?you?tell?me?when?we?will?visit?the?History?Museum?? 注意事项：? 由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。?例：She?said:?I?ha