知识点——“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句.pptVIP

知识点——  “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 【知识点解析】 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。例如： The man who/whom/that you spoke to is a teacher. =The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 【知识点解析】 一、基本构成 1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom (指人) ，即：介词+which/whom。 （1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. （2）The city in which she lives is far away. （3）The little girl is reading a book, in which there are many cartoons. 注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。 “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 【知识点解析】 2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物)；that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语，且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。如： （1）The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher. （2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away. 注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后， “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 【知识点解析】 如： look for, look after, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to, listen to等。 This is the pen that/which you are looking for. The patient whom she is looking after is her father. The words that/which we should pay attention to are written on the blackboard. There are fifty patients who/whom/that we must take good care of. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 【知识点解析】 练习：Are these sentences right? (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. [√] (2) The man (who/that) you talked with is my friend. [√] (3) The man with who/ that you talked is my friend. [×] (4) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. [√] (5) The plane in that we flew to Canada is very comfortable. [×] “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 【知识点解析】 二、关系副词when, where, why可用“介词＋which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词。 其中 when=表时间的介词（如：in, at, during等）+which； where=表地点的介词（如：in, at, on, under等）+which； why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which (1)当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示时间的介词＋which来代替关系副词when。 I still remember the day when I came here. (on the day =when) “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 【知识点解析】 (2)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表示地点的介词＋which来代替关系副词where。 T