河北雾灵山地衣型真菌生物多样性的初步研究王海英.doc

密级： 分类号： 理学硕士学位论文 （在职人员） 河北雾灵山地衣型真菌生物 多样性的初步研究 学位申请人： 王海英 导 师： 魏江春教授 申请学位级别： 理学硕士 学 科、专 业： 微生物学 答 辩 日 期： 2003年6月Classified index: U.D.C: A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Science (on-job applicants) A PRELIMINAEY STUDY ON BIODIVERSITY OF LICHENIZED FUNGI IN THE WULING MOUNTAIN, HEBEI Candidate: Hai-yingWang Supervisor: Prof. Jiang-chunWei Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Science Specialty: Microbiology Date of Oral examination: June 2003 University: Hebei University  摘 要 论文从物种和生态两个层次上对于河北雾灵山地衣，即地衣型真菌的生物多样性进行了初步研究。通过对于采自雾灵山的374份地衣标本所进行的分类、描述和鉴定，确定了61种，其中河北新纪录37种，分隶于29属，13科，4目和1个地位未定者。 雾灵山南、北坡地衣型真菌的垂直分带比较明显，偶尔亦有交叉现象。生有大量粉芽的粉斑星点梅（Punctelia borreri）、皱梅衣（Flavoparmelia caperata）和皱点黄梅（Flavopunctelia flaventior）在雾灵山南、北坡的分布最为广泛，这可能得益于此三种地衣型真菌依赖于粉芽的高效无性繁殖方式。 雾灵山北坡由于水分条件较好，叶状及枝状地衣相当丰富；但是受到光照条件的制约，北坡地衣主要分布在海拔1600米以上。雾灵山南坡光照条件较好，但是水分条件相对不足，叶状及枝状地衣稀少，石海地区壳状地衣比较丰富，然而，在低海拔有溪流的地区叶状及枝状地衣相对较为丰富。 论文同时通过子囊孢子释放法进行了大量的地衣共生菌分离培养实验，获得了69株，至少16属，26种地衣共生菌；亦对地衣体的短暂保育进行了尝试，结果表明在适当的条件下新鲜采集的地衣至少可以存活32周以上。本项实验对将来通过规模化分离培养和菌种保藏的方式保护珍惜濒危地衣型真菌的物种多样性积累了资料。 关键词 物种多样性；生态多样性；共生菌；分离培养  Abstract The biodiversity of lichenized fungi in Mt. Wuling of Hebei province were studied from two aspects, species and ecology. Sixty-one species belonging to 29 genera and 13 families and 4 orders and 1 incertae sedis were identified, based on 374 specimens collcted from Mt. Wuling. Among them 37 species are new to Hebei province. The phenomenon of lichen zones in vertical is obvious in either north or south hillside in Mt Wuling. Furthermore, the three species, Punctelia borreri, Flavoparmelia caperata and Flavopunctelia flaventior are most widespread in both two hillsides. This probably benefited from the high-efficiency asexual reproduction mode, abundant sordia of the three species. The foliose and frutiose lichens are predominant in north hillside due to the rich water, which maily distribute above 1600 m altitude for being restricted by sunlight. In spite of abundant sunlight in highe