抚育干扰对人工柏木防护林植物多样性的影响-应用与环境生物学报.doc

林窗式疏伐对川中丘陵区柏木人工林生长和植物多样性的影响 杨育林 李贤伟 周义贵 刘运科 1 四川农业大学林学院 雅安 625014 摘 要 为探索适宜大小的林窗改造模式，在川中丘陵区高密度的柏木人工纯林，选择砍伐形成的不同大小林窗样地3个，研究光热环境、生长和多样性的变化。结果表明：疏伐后，林窗内光合有效辐射和气温显著升高（P＜0.05），空气湿度和土壤相对含水量显著降低（P＜0.05），疏伐后，林窗内乔木高度、胸径、和冠幅显著（P＜0.05），灌木高度和盖度、草本层盖度和枯落物厚度显著提高（P＜0.05），单位面积柏木蓄积量和单株柏木材积显著（P＜0.05），不同大小之间，生长指标呈单峰型变化，峰值出现在90-110 m2林窗内。疏伐后，林窗内植物种数、属数科数增加，物种丰富度指数和多样性Shannon-Wiener指数显著提高（P＜0.05），中林窗内植物区系组成最复杂，植物多样性最丰富。林窗和非林窗植物共有种为6-9种，相似系数在30.43-36.73 %之间。 关键词 川中丘陵区；柏木人工林；林窗；植物多样性；蓄积量 CLC S753.7+5 Effects of gap thinning on plant growth and diversity of cypress plantation in the hilly region central Sichuan* YANG Yulin1,2, LI Xianwei1**, ZHOU Yigui1﹠LIU Yunke 1Forestry College of Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan 625014, China 2Bazhong Environmental Protection Bureau, Bazhong 636000, China Abstract In order to explore appropriate size of gap reconstruction model, choosing 36 artificial forest gaps with different sizes from the pure cypress plantations with high-density in the hilly region of central Sichuan. The change of ecological factors, plant growth and diversity in the different size of gaps was monitored. The results showed that PAR and air temperature significantly increased(P＜0.05, while air humidity and soil moisture significantly decreased(P＜0.05in the gaps. With gap size increasing, an increasing of PAR and air temperature occurred, but air humidity and soil moisture decreased. The height, DBH, shade density, crown width of arbor significantly improved(P＜0.05after thinning, compared with control plots of non thinning on updated layer. The shrub height, shrub coverage, herbaceous coverage and litter layer thickness significantly raised(P＜0.05. Cypress volume in unit area and volume per cypress significant increased(P＜0.05ompared with control plots of non thinning on updated layer. Growth index of different sizes vegetation showed single peak change varied with gap size, and peak appeared in the gap size of 90-110m2. Number of species, genera, families and tree