shell编程forin循环.docVIP

for in 格式 for 无$变量 in 字符串do? $变量done 一简单的字符串 枚举遍历法，利用for in格式对字符串按空格切份的功能SERVICES=80?? 22?? 25?? 110?? 8000?? 23?? 20?? 21?? 3306?? for?? x?? in?? $SERVICES?? ?? do??? ?? iptables?? -A?? INPUT?? -p?? tcp?? --dport?? $x?? -m?? state?? --state?? NEW?? -j?? ACCEPT??? ?? done? ????? for variable in values?? --------字符串数组依次赋值 #!/bin/shfor i in a b c?????????? 字符串列表A B C????????? 字符串用空格分隔,没有括号,没有逗号, 然后循环将其依次赋给变量i???????? 变量没有$doecho i is $idone?? [macg@machome ~]$ sh test.shi is ai is bi is c ??? for in 里，变量和*不等价 #!/bin/bashfor i in *.h ;docat ${i}.hdone?? [macg@vm test]$ ./tip.shcat: *.h.h: No such file or directory?$i代表的是整个路径，而不是*.h里的.h前面的部分 改正 #!/bin/bashfor i in *.hdocat $idone?? [macg@vm test]$ echo hahaha 1.h[macg@vm test]$ echo ha 2.h[macg@vm test]$ ./tip.shhahahaha?? ? 例2： for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh??do? $idone?? ?$i代表的是/etc/profile.d/color.sh,/etc/profile.d/alias.sh, /etc/profile.d/default.sh ?????? ?????? for in 对(命令行，函数)参数遍历 test(){??????? local i??????? for i in $* ; do???????????? echo i is $i??????? done}???$*是字符串：以参数1 参数2 ... 形式保存所有参数?$i是变量i的应用表示 [macg@machome ~]$ sh test.sh p1 p2 p3 p4i is p1i is p2i is p3i is p4? ??? for in语句与通配符*合用,批量处理文件??? 批量改文件名 [root@vm testtip]# lsaaa.txt? ccc.txt? eee.txt? ggg.txt? hhh.txt? jjj.txt? lll.txt? nnn.txtbbb.txt? ddd.txt? fff.txt? go.sh??? iii.txt? kkk.txt? mmm.txt? ooo.txt [root@vm testtip]# cat go.shfor i in *.txt???????????????? *.txt相当于一个字符串数组，依次循环赋值给idomv $i $i.bak???????done [root@vm testtip]# sh go.sh[root@vm testtip]# lsaaa.txt.bak? ccc.txt.bak? eee.txt.bak? ggg.txt.bak? hhh.txt.bak? jjj.txt.bak? lll.txt.bak? nnn.txt.bak bbb.txt.bak? ddd.txt.bak? fff.txt.bak? go.sh??????? iii.txt.bak? kkk.txt.bak? mmm.txt.bak? ooo.txt.bak ??? for in语句与` `和$( )合用，利用` `或$( )的将多行合为一行的缺陷，实际是合为一个字符串数组 for i in $(ls *.txt)?????? ?doecho $idone [macg@machome ~]$ sh test111-tmp.txt111.txt22.txt33.txt 或者说，利用for in克服` `和$( ) 的多行合为一行的缺陷?? 利