一个四能级原子系统中吸收机制的研究.docVIP

编号20120811228 本科生毕业 专 业 光信息科学与技术 学 号 0811228 指 导 教 师 李爱军 分 院 光电科学分院 2012年6月 摘 要 人们早已认识到，通过应用强相干光场可以改变原子介质的光学性质。近年来与电磁感应光透明相关的种种现象引起了人们很大的关注。电磁感应光透明的实质是，在多能级系统中强相干光场诱导了原子相干，从而改变了系统对弱探测场的响应；在一定的条件下，在共振频率处探测场的吸收锐减。Harris和Yamamoto曾经提出过一个四能级的光开关系统，在这个系统中只吸收双光子，不吸收单光子。这个四能级系统可以作为光开关，一个频率的光脉冲会引起另一个频率的光的吸收。Yan，Rickey，和Zhu报道了在原子中所进行的基于这个四能级系统的非线性吸收的实验观测。 在本文中，我们将用量子跳跃的方法详细研究这个系统吸收的物理过程和内在机制，我们将证明，“在这个四能级系统中，单光子过程由于相消干涉而被完全抑制”只是一个有条件的结论。在一般的条件下，单光子吸收过程并不能被忽略，有时它甚至起着主要的作用；单光子和三光子吸收过程通常同时存在于这个系统中。这两个吸收过程对探测场的整个吸收谱通常都是有贡献的。 关键词：光吸收 相干弛豫速率 量子跳跃 ABSTRACT By using quantum-jump approach, we calculated out the probability of one-photon absorption process and the three-photon absorption process, and the mean change of the probe field photon number in each coherent evolution period. It can be found that the one-photon process is almost completely suppressed at the line center with the small Rabi frequency rate , in such case, the absorption at the line center is caused by the three-photon absorption process. With the increasing of the rate , the one-photon process increasingly manifests its contribution to the probe absorption at the line center. When , the three-photon absorption process dominates over the one-photon absorption process; With the increasing of the rate , the one-photon process apparently enhanced. When , the contributions from the two processes are almost equivalent, it shows clearly that the three-photon absorption process and the one-photon absorption process give the equivalent contributions to the total absorption at the line center. When , the one-photon absorption process becomes much more important, it dominates over the three-photon absorption process, where ). And with the larger rate , the contribution from the three-photon process to the absorption at the line center becomes very small, it is the one-photon process that mainly responsible for the whole absorption. From above analysis we can see that not in all cases that the o