脆性材料的力学行为研究.docxVIP

摘要Al2O3陶瓷是一种常见的脆性材料，它既具有普通陶瓷耐高温、耐磨损、耐腐蚀、高硬度等特点，又具备优良的抗氧化性、化学稳定性、低密度等特性，且来源广泛，在很多的领域都得到了广泛的应用。因此，很有必要研究它的力学性能。现代光测实验技术得到了很大的发展，在很多领域得到了广泛的应用。相对其它光测技术，数字图像相关方法有着对测量环境要求低、操作简便等很多优点。因此，本文采用数字图像相关方法（Digital Image Correlation，DIC）对Al2O3陶瓷的力学性能进行实验研究。论文介绍了研究背景以及讨论了数字图像相关方法、巴西实验及分离式霍普金森压杆（Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar，SHPB）实验的原理，并搭建了高速DIC-SHPB测量系统。利用数字图像相关方法，进行了陶瓷的静态力学性能和动态力学性能实验研究。首先采用电子万能试验机进行了标准压缩实验，研究陶瓷的静态力学性能。并利用CCD相机记录了压缩过程中试样的变形图像，使用二维数字图像相关软件计算试样的变形场，得到了陶瓷圆盘的位移场、应变场。结合材料试验机记录的位移、载荷数据，分析得到了陶瓷的破坏强度等力学参数。动态实验是通过高速DIC-SHPB系统进行标准巴西实验和平台巴西实验，利用高速相机记录了陶瓷破坏的全过程，用二维数字图像软件计算得到了动态的位移场、应变场。通过SHPB技术测量得到了Al2O3陶瓷动态间接拉伸强度，并分析了不同撞击速度下Al2O3陶瓷动态拉伸强度的加载率相关性，并且标准巴西实验和平台巴西实验测得的间接拉伸强度呈现很好的一致性。实验测量结果和材料的参考值相符较好，验证了数字图像相关方法的有效性,数字图像相关方法在实验力学领域将成为更为强大的工具。关键词：数字图像相关方法；巴西实验；分离式霍普金森杆实验；变形破坏AbstractAl2O3 ceramic is a kind of common brittle material, it not only has the common ceramic of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high hardness and other characteristics, and has the oxidation resistance, chemical stability, low density, excellent characteristics, and a wide range of sources, have been widely applied in many fields. Therefore, it is necessary to study it. Modern optical experimental technology has great development, has been widely used in many fields. Relative to other optical measurement technology, the digital image correlation (DIC) method has low requirement for testing environment, simple operation etc. Therefore, this article applies the DIC method experimental study on mechanical properties of Al2O3 ceramics. It introduces the research background and discusses the DIC method, Brazil experimental and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB). In this article built a high-speed DIC-SHPB measurement system. Using the DIC method, experiments are carried out to study the properties and dynamic mechanical static mechanical properties of ceramics. The first standard compression experiments were performed using the electronic universal testing machine, static mech