lecture 5 非谓语动词.ppt

English Grammar Lecture 5 非谓语动词 非谓语动词 不定式 （to do)、 动名词(－ing)、 分词(－ing， －ed) 在句子中不能充当谓语， 不受主语人称和数的限制， 有时态和语态的变化 充当句子的很多其他成分， to do ... 形式：to do to be done to have done to have been done to be doing to have been doing I like to go to the movie today. He seemed to be waiting for someone at that time He seemed to have completed his essay The work is to be finished soon The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday 可做成分 主语，宾语，定语，状语，表语，宾语补足语， 构成谓语 He seems to be in good health. To know everything is to know nothing. I have a lot of things to say. My duty is to serve the distinguished guests. I hope to come back in 2 days. I am happy to stand here. She wants the meeting to be a successful one. It is important to do something it 形式主语 It is/was +adj.+(of sb.) to do… good/ kind/ nice/ clever/ foolish/ selfish… It is +adj.+(for sb.)+to do… easy / difficult / hard / / unwise / possible/ necessary… It is +a/an +名词+ to do... a pity/ a shame / a pleasure /one’s duty / an honor … It takes (sb.) some time to do… courage / patience … It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do 不定式有其逻辑主语，可能是句子的主语或宾语 I have a lot of work to do today. Ill give you some books to read. 当句子中没有合适的词做不定式的主语时，可用for sb. There are some books for you to read. It is time for you to do... It is important for her to reconsider her decision. 有些时候，可以用 of sb. It is very kind of you to help us. what to do, where to go 当两个或多个不定式并列使用，通常只在第一个不定式前加to 但当二者有对比关系时，每个不定式前都有to She told me to stay at home and wait until she came back. Id like to stay with you, talk with you, and learn from you. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. He hasnt decided whether to leave or to stay. To be or not to be, it is a question. to和后面的动词可以有介词 （split infinitive） They have prepared to further improve the workers living conditions. To-infin