激光雷达数据反演气溶胶后向散射比研究（Study on backscatter ratio of aerosol retrieved by lidar data）.pdfVIP

激光雷达数据反演气溶胶后向散射比研究 摘要 随着人们生活水平的提高，人类的生存环境也越来越受到广泛的关注。气溶 胶作为低空大气的重要组成部分，与大气干洁度和气候变化息息相关。严重的气 溶胶污染会给人类的健康带来极大的危害。实时、多地、长期探测气溶胶的分布 情况已成为我国必须攻克的难关。 激光雷达以其高时空分辨率、高灵敏度、精细探测等优点使得对大气气溶胶 的研究有了突飞猛进的发展。本文主要是利用一套拉曼激光雷达系统对大气对流 层的气溶胶进行实验分析，反演青岛上空大气气溶胶消光系数和气溶胶后向散射 比。 文章详细介绍了国内外气溶胶激光雷达的发展情况，列举了目前世界上较为 完善的气溶胶激光雷达网络的站点分布情况及其相关数据，重点分析了利用拉曼 激光雷达探测气溶胶数据的历史和国内外发展现状以及国际上较为成熟的拉曼 激光雷达产品。深入研究了大气分子和气溶胶散射机理尤其是拉曼散射的原理和 特性。 在数据处理过程中分别利用Fernald 方法和碘分子滤波高光谱法对2011 年 4 月北京南郊的车载激光雷达实验数据进行反演，得到气溶胶后向散射比Rb 值 并讨论两种方法的优缺点。针对中国海洋大学研制的多普勒测风激光雷达的不足 之处，提出了拉曼实时反演气溶胶后向散射比的方法。 文章分别从激光发射系统、信号接收系统和信息采集系统三个方面对拉曼激 光雷达的实验系统进行了简单介绍，系统采用光栅分光器件来获取拉曼信号。实 验结果表明，利用拉曼激光雷达反演气溶胶后向散射比的垂直廓线是可行的，直 接求解法探测高度最高可达 10km，并可用求导求解法获得气溶胶的消光系数、 激光雷达比等参量。 关键词： 气溶胶；拉曼激光雷达；光栅；气溶胶后向散射比 The Retrievals of Aerosol Backscattering Ratio from Lidar Data Abstract With the improvement of people ’s living standard, human living environment is also receiving more and more widespread concern. As an important part of the lower atmosphere, aerosol is closely related to the degree of atmospheric drying and cleanliness as well as climate changes. Serious aerosol pollution would bring great harm to human health. Real-time, multi-site and long-time detection of aerosol distribution has become the difficulty which has to be overcome. Lidar makes the study of atmospheric aerosol get rapid development with its advantages of high temporal and spatial resolution, high sensitivity and accurate detection. The thesis mainly introduces the experimental analysis of the troposphere aerosol by using a Raman lidar system-inversing atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficient and backscattering ratio over Qingdao. The thesis descr