对文化的态度.pptVIP

8.4 Attitudes towards other cultures 8.5 Acculturation model for L2 and culture learning 8.6 Cross-cultural L2 learning and teaching Attitudes, like all aspects of the development of cognition and affect in human beings, develop early in the childhood and are the result of parents’ and peers’ attitudes. Attitudes may be cognitive, affective or social in their orientation, and the social aspect is an important component of attitude. Two social attitudes are discovered in the process of learning a second lg and a second culture. 8.4.1 cultural stereotype 定势思维是指人们在思考问题时,一直按照同一种方式来思考.理解.记忆问题,久而久之,就在思考问题时形成一种习惯,使人只想到一个方面,形成思想上所谓的偏见. Cultural stereotype refers to the oversimplified pictures we form about other cultures in the bias of our own culture-bound worldview. (eg:p204) Not necessarily, if a person recognizes positive effects of stereotyping. both positive and negative effects On the positive side, if people recognize and understand differing worldviews, they will adopt a positive and open-minded attitude toward cross-cultural differences. The cautious accumulation of stereotyped images can help a person to understand another culture in general and the difference between that culture and his own culture. On the negative side, a close-minded of such differences often results in the maintenance of a stereotype __an oversimplification and blanket assumption. This negative effect of stereotyping can cause misunderstanding of that target culture and hinder communications between people of different cultural backgrounds. 8.4.2 Culture shock 休克这词由英文Shock音译而来，系各种强烈致病因素作用于机体，使循环功能急剧减退，组织器官微循环灌流严重不足，以至重要生命器官机能、代谢严重障碍的全身危重病理过程。休克是一急性的综合征。在这种状态下，全身有效血流量减少，微循环出现障碍，导致重要的生命器官缺血缺氧。即是身体器官需氧量与得氧量失调。 Culture shock refers to the strong feelings of discomfort, fear, or insecurity which a person may have when he enters another culture. It is a common experience for a person learning a second lg in a second culture. it is associated with feelings in the learner of estrangement, anger, h