英汉翻译完整版.docxVIP

Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.Literal Translation means word-for-word translation. It takes sentences as its basic units and the whole text into consideration at the same time in the course of translation. It strives to reproduce both the ideological content and the style of the entire literary work and retain as much as possible the figures of speech.Liberal Translationis also called Free Translation. It is a supplementary means to mainly convey the meaning and spirit of the original without trying to reproduce its sentence pattern or figures of speech.Foreignization: If the translator’s preference is placed on preserving the language and cultural differences of the Source Text, we call this kind of approaches or its translation foreignizing or foreignization.Domestication: the method or practice of adapting the translation to the norms and values of the Target Language and culture is called domesticating or domestication.Conversion is a word-formation whereby a word of a certain class is shifted into a word class of another without the addition of affix.Omission is to omit some words which are not translated in targeted text, or to delete those dispensable, seem burdensome words while remain keeping world?s original meanings.Amplification means supplying necessary words in our translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.Cohesion refers to the relations of meanings exist within the text.Coherence can be thought of as how meanings and sequences of ideas relate to each other.Text refers to anypassage, spoken or written, of whatever length, to form a unified whole.Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts,moral, law, customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of societyIn a narrow sense, context refers to the words, phrases and sentences in which