混凝土坝工程长效服役与风险评定研究现状及展望.docVIP

混凝土坝工程长效服役与风险评定研究现状及展望( 顾冲时1，2，苏怀智1，2 (1. 河海大学 水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室，南京 2100982. 河海大学 水利水电学院，南京 210098) 摘要：我国混凝土坝无论数量、高度、规模均居世界前列健康、长效服役不仅关系到整个工程的安危，而且经济建设社会安定与生态安全。在对我国混凝土坝建设与安全现状阐述的基础上，从混凝土坝材料性能演化、隐患病害监测与检测、施工质量控制、安全风险管理与评定等方面，论述了混凝土坝长效服役与风险评定理论、方法及其技术的研究现状，关键字：混凝土坝；长效服役；性能演化风险评定；综述 中图分类号：TV6 文献标志码：A 文章编号： Review on long-term service and risk assessment of concrete dam GU Chongshi, SU Huaizhi (1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China) Abstract: Concrete dam construction in China has achieved great success and the number, height and scale of existing dams are among the top in the world. Long-term service of dam engineering has a great significance for economic construction, public stability, ecological safety. Basic situation on concrete dams and their safety status in China is introduced. Current status on long-term service and risk assessment of concrete dam is summarized from the following aspects, namely concrete material performance evolution, concrete dam disease monitoring, construction quality control, risk management and assessment. Future key research should be putted the emphasis on the material performance under coupling action of multiple factors, the intelligent monitoring of dam disease and construction quality, the risk criteria and practical assessment, the probability calculation and consequence evaluation of dam break. The academic system needs to be built and improved to ensure long-term service. Key words: Concrete dam; Long-term service; Performance evolution; Safety monitoring; Risk assessment; Review 1949年新中国成立以来，我国修建了数量众多的混凝土坝，尤其是近年来在金沙江、雅砻江和澜沧江等河流上修建了一批混凝土高坝。与其工程结构物不同，混凝土坝不仅要承受各种动、静循环荷载及各种突发性灾害的作用，还要承受来自恶劣环境的侵蚀与腐蚀、材料性能劣化等的组合影响；另外，混凝土坝建设投资巨大，社会影响面广，而且在漫长的服役过程中与周围环境平衡，其退役和拆除需要特别慎重。朱伯芳院士认为，优质实体混凝土坝可以长期服役，在采取必要的技术措施后甚至能够超长期服役[1]。美国胡佛大坝建成于1936年，至今已健康运行近80年