天然源面波在煤炭采空区的应用技术研究.pdfVIP

摘要 天然源面波在煤炭采空区的应用技术研究 煤矿开采形成的采空区，非法开采、私人的乱采乱挖以及许多企业的违法越 界开采形成的许多不明空区，未知空区等给矿区安全生产和人民生命财产的安全 造成了重大的隐患。所以能够在工程建设中准确查明采空区的地理信息，以便对 矿区生产的安全和人民财产的提供有力保证已经成为一个重要的课题。 利用天然源面波信息的勘查方法对观测环境不产生破坏，并且没有严格的观 测环境要求，具有简便、快捷、低成本的特点。在人们的生产生活中，面波探测 和大地电磁、雷达 CT 照射等探测手段相结合来进行地下勘探，已经显现出很大 的优势，尤其是在解决煤炭采空区的构造问题等方面。 本文首先讨论了天然源面波勘探的原理及特点，提出了目前比较前沿的空间 自相关法观测法和频率-波数法，并将两种方法进行了比对。讨论了天然源面波 采集信号的预处理方法，采集数据的数字滤波及平滑处理。研究了将面波信号从 高频信号中提取出的方法，结合不同的地层模型讨论分析了对频散曲线产生的影 响因素有哪些。分析了天然源面波探测技术应用到煤炭采空区勘探时的优缺点及 其可行性。 IV    Abstract Goaf formed by coal mining, many unknown zones caused by illegal mining, private disordered mining and many enterprises illegal cross-border mining, and unknown cavity have brought great hidden troubles to the mine safety production and people’s life property safety. So finding out the geographic information of mined-out areas in engineering construction and guarantee mine production and peoples property safety has become an important topic. The exploration method of using natural source surface wave information does not damage the observation environment, and there are no special requirements, and it has the characteristics of convenient, quick and low cost. In peoples production and living, the surface wave exploration method combined with other detection means has great advantages in carrying out underground exploration, especially in solving the problems of the structure of coal mined-out areas and so on. At first, this paper emphatically discussed the principle and characteristics of the natural source surface wave exploration, put forward the frontier spatial autocorrelation