基于光电编码器的直流电机转速测量系统设计.docVIP

基于光电编码器的直流电机转速测量系统设计 摘要 在工程实践中，经常会遇到各种需要测量转速的场合，测量转速的方法分为模拟式和数字式两种。模拟式采用测速发电机为检测元件，得到的信号是模拟量。数字式通常采用光电编码器，霍尔元件等为检测元件，得到的信号是脉冲信号。随着微型计算机的广泛应用，特别是高性能价格比的单片机的出现，转速测量普遍采用以单片机为核心的数字式测量方法。 本文便是运用AT89C51单片机控制的智能化转速测量仪。电机在运行过程中，需要对其进行监控，转速是一个必不可少的一个参数。本系统就是对电机转速进行测量，并可以和PC机进行通信，显示电机的转速，并观察电机运行的基本状况。 本设计主要用AT89C51作为控制核心，LED数码显像管、、详细介绍了PC机与单片机之间的串行通讯。充分发挥了单片机的性能。其优点硬件电路简单，软件功能完善，控制系统可靠，性价比较高等特点Abstract In the project practice, we will meet each kind to need frequently to survey the rotational speed the situation, the survey rotational speed method divides into the simulation type and the digital two kinds. The simulation type uses measured that the fast generator is the detecting element, obtains the signal simulates the quantity. Digital usually uses the electro-optical encoder, the Hall part and so on is the detecting element, obtains the signal is the signal impulse. Along with microcomputers widespread application, specially high performance price compared to monolithic integrated circuits appearance, the tachometric survey uses generally take the monolithic integrated circuit as the core digital measuring technique I graduated from the Design of the issue is control of the intelligent use of SCM speed measuring instrument. The system is the motor speed measurement, and PC and can communicate that the motor speed, and to observe the motor running the basic situation.  The main design AT89C51 control as the core, by the Hall sensor, LED digital CRT, HIN232CPE-level conversion, and a RS232. Detailed measurements of the speed of the SCM system and PC and the serial communication between the microcontroller. Give full play to the performance of the SCM. This paper is to measure the speed and displayed in five LED digital pipe.  The advantage of a simple hardware and software capabilities improve, measuring speed, high precision and control system reliable, cost-effective and so on. Keyword：MSC-51(One-chip computer)； sensor； Tachometer 直流电动机具有良好的起动、制动性能，宜于在大范围内平滑调速，在