省略、倒装用法归纳.docVIP

倒装结构省略句 （一）倒装的基本用法：英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前，就叫倒装结构。如果把全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，就叫部分倒装。 1. 完全倒装 (1) up, down, in, away, off, out, here, there, now, then等副词置于句首，主语是名词而不是人称代词时，用完全倒装。 Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes your turn. Out rushed the boys. Then followed three days of heavy rain. Away flew the birds. 注意：当代词作主语时，只把该副词提前，主谓语序不变。 Here it is. In he comes. (2) 表示地点，方向等的介词短语放于句首，并且谓语为不及物动词，如：sit ,live, stand, run, come等，主语为名词时，用完全倒装。 Through the window came in the sweet music. From the valley came a frightening sound. South of the city lies a big steel factory. (3) 表语置于句首时， 使用倒装结构“表语+连系动词+主语”。 1形容词+连系动词+主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 2 过去分词+连系动词+主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people. 3介词短语+be +主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. 2. 部分倒装 （1）用于so, nor ,neither开头的句子， 表示“也（不）”，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物时，要用部分倒装，其句型结构为：so/neither/ nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语，so与前面的肯定句呼应，neither/nor与前面的否定句相呼应。 He has been to Beijing, so have I. Li Wei can’t answer the question, neither can I. The first one isn’t good, nor is the second. （2)在so/such…that…句型中，若so/such…提到句首时，主句谓语动词用部分倒装。 In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door. 他离开办公室太匆忙了，结果忘了锁门。 So fluently does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. （3）用于省略if的虚拟条件从句，此时，虚拟条件状语从句的助动词应该是 “were, had或should”。 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination. Should it rain, the crops would be saved. (4) 用于as （或though ）引导的让步状语从句中 构成：表语/状语/动词原形+as+主语 1表语+as+主语 此结构里，表语为单数名词时，其前面不用冠词 Disabled as he was, he tried his best to serve the people. 虽然他残疾了，但他仍尽力为人民服务。 Child as he is, he speaks fluent English. 虽然他是个孩子，但能讲流利的英语。 2状语+as+主语 Hard as he tried, he couldn’t pass the exam. 尽管他努力了，他还是没有通过考试。 Fastest as he ran, he still didn’t catch the train. (=Though he ran the fastest, he still didn’t catch the train