车床尾座套筒的材料与加工工艺设计.doc

车床尾座套筒的材料与加工工艺设计 摘 要 车床尾座套筒是车床的主要零件，其结构合理与否、质量的好坏对加工过程、加工精度等有很大的影响，因此，在机床零件设计的过程中为主要考虑对象。车床尾座在轴类工件的加工、端面钻孔、铰孔等工序中经常应用，其工作状况好坏对工件加工质量有着较大的影响。车床尾座的主要作用是为轴类零件定心，同时具有辅助支撑和夹紧的功能。尾座顶尖的定位精度直接影响机床加工工件的径向尺寸精度，以及圆度、圆柱度、同轴度等形位精度。而套筒是直接用来装夹顶尖的，由此可见，车床套筒的加工质量将直接影响到机床的工作精度和使用寿命。所以，研究车床套筒的成形工艺是非常重要的。此篇论文主要内容是对套筒零件的材料选用以及成形方法的研究及设计。首先，简述了车床套筒的作用与工艺分析，然后对成形工艺作了详细的研究与设计，其中包括如何选材及热处理要求，分析了毛坯的制造方案与选用原则，分析了基准面的选取、定位和夹紧方案对加工精度的影响，叙述了切削用量对加工精度的影响以及如何选用。在此基础上，制定了加工工艺路线与工艺规程设计，进行了各道工序的加工方法，机床、刀具、夹具、辅具、量具的选择，编制了机械加工工艺过程卡片与典型的工序卡片，以及车床尾座套筒成形方法的设计与加工。 关键词：套筒 基准 精度 工艺 Lathe Tailstock sleeve design of materials and processing technology Abstract Lathe tailstock sleeve is the main component, its structure is reasonable or not, good or bad quality of the machining process, machining accuracy, etc. have great impact, therefore, in the process of designing machine parts for the main object considered. Lathe Tailstock the shaft workpiece, face drilling, reaming and other processes often applied, the working conditions good or bad quality of the workpiece has a greater impact. The main role of the lathe tailstock for the shaft-centering, but also has auxiliary support and clamping functions. Tailstock directly affect the positioning accuracy of the radial size of the workpiece machining accuracy, as well as roundness, cylindrical form, such as coaxial geometrical precision. The sleeve is clamped directly to the top, we can see, lathe processing sleeve will directly affect the quality of the work of precision machine tools and service life. Therefore, the forming process of turning the sleeve is very important. This paper is mainly sleeve forming part of the material selection and methods of research and design. First of all, described the role of a lathe sleeve with process analysis, calculating the basic size of the sleeve, and then forming process in detail on the research and design, including how the materials and heat treatment requirements, the manufacture of the blank programs