玉豆和玉薯模式下施氮量对玉米光合特性的影响-中国生态农业学报.docVIP

玉/大豆和玉/甘薯模式下玉米光合特性差异 及氮肥调控效应((王小春1 杨文钰* 邓小燕1 张群1 雍太文1 刘卫国1 杨峰1 毛树明21.四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室 四川温江 611130; 2.仁寿县农业局 四川仁寿 620500摘 要为探讨两种模式下玉米光合特性差异及施氮对的影响,在四川两个玉米主栽区植模式和施氮量对玉米光合特性具有明显的调节作用。与玉米与大豆套作显著减缓了玉米灌浆期到成熟期单株叶面积、叶绿素相对值的下降速率, 提高了穗位叶片PSⅡ活性及其光化学效率, 从而提高了光合速率, 单株生物量较玉米/薯模式增加10.49 g; 换带轮作后, 从抽雄吐丝期玉米光合特性各指标在两模式间差异达显著水平, 玉米/大豆模式下玉米单株叶面积、净光合速率、穗位叶片Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ花后各生育时期平均较玉/甘薯模式高出941 m2、9.62 μmol·m-2·s-1、0.034和0.040; 各指标下降速率玉/大豆模式较玉/甘薯模式也明显, 玉米单株生物量玉/大豆模式较玉/甘薯模式平均高出26.83 g。玉/大豆模式下以kg·hm?2, 玉/甘薯模式下以270 kg·hm?2处理, 与同一模式其他施氮处理相比, 提高了玉米的单株叶面积、叶绿素荧光动力学参数, 有利于玉米灌浆期间光系统Ⅱ反应中心维持较高比例的开放程度, 从而提高光合速率, 增加生物积累量过量施氮(270～360 kg·hm?2), 叶绿素含量、叶片的Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ下降, 光合速率降低。 关键词 玉/大豆(薯)套作 玉米 施氮量 光合特性 生物量 中国分类号: S513; S158.2Differences of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Nitrogen Regulation Effects in Maize between Maize/Soybean and Maize/Sweet Potato Relay Intercropping Systems WANG Xiao-Chun1, YANG Wen-Yu1,*, DENG Xiao-Yan1, ZHANG Qun1, YONG Tai-Wen1, LIU Wei-Guo1, YANG Feng1, and MAO Shu-Ming2 1 Agronomy College of Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of P.R. China, Wenjiang 611130, China; 2 Renshou Bureau of Agriculture, Renshou 620500, China Abstract Differences of photosynthetic characteristics of maize and nitrogen regulation effects in maize/soybean and maize/sweet potato relay strip intercropping systems which were two main intercropping systems in southwest China, Based on a long term located experiment of studying differences of photosynthetic characteristics in maize between maize/soybean and maize/sweet potato relay strip intercropping systems from year 2008 to 2010, it was investigated on effects of nitrogen application rates on maize photosynthetic characteristics in 2011 in two major maize producing areas in Sichuan. The experiment was carried out by using a split-plot design with different nitrogen application rates at 0 (N0), 90 (N90), 180 (N180), 270 (N270), 360 (N360) [kg (N). ha-1] in maize/s