天然纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备与表征.docVIP

摘 要 聚丙烯（PP）是一种应用极为广泛的通用树脂，具有较好的韧性和强度。为了使聚丙烯的性能更好，通常会对聚丙烯进行改性。本实验就是采用天然的剑麻纤维（SF）增强聚丙烯，制备力学性能更为突出的PP/SF复合材料。 本文讨论了PP/SF复合材料的制备与性能表征。将纤维含量不同的复合材料进行比较，分析不同的纤维含量对复合材料拉伸性能和冲击性能的影响，找出复合材料中纤维的最佳含量；在最佳纤维含量的基础上，分别用硅烷偶联剂KH-550、钛酸酯、十八胺和氢氧化钠对纤维进行改性处理，找出最佳的纤维改性方法。 实验结果表明：经过SF增强的PP复合材料比纯PP具有更好的拉伸强度和结晶能力；在纤维含量较小时，拉伸强度随纤维含量的增加而升高，当纤维含量为15％时，PP/SF复合材料的力学性能达到最大。此外，与未处理过的SF增强PP复合材料相比，经过改性处理的SF增强PP复合材料的力学性能有所提高，尤其是经过钛酸酯处理过的SF，增强效果更加明显。 关键词： 聚丙烯 剑麻纤维 复合材料 力学性能 Title: Preparation and characterization of natural fiber reinforced polypropylene composites Abstract Polypropylene (PP) is an extremely wide range of general-purpose resin, and has good toughness and strength. Polypropylene would normally be modified in order to get better performance. In this study, polypropylene was reinforced by natural sisal fiber (SF) to prepared PP/SF composites with outstanding mechanical properties. In this paper, the preparation and characterization of the PP/SF composites were studied. The tensile strength and impact strength of samples with different fiber contents were investigated by comparing composites with different fiber contents to identify the optimal fiber content in the composites. On the basis of the optimal fiber content, the sisal fiber was modified with silane coupling agent KH-550, titanate, 18 amine and sodium hydroxide respectively to find the best fiber modification methods. The experimental results showed that: SF reinforced PP composite materials have better tensile properties and crystal properties than pure PP. In the smaller of the fiber content, tensile strength increased with increasing fiber content, and the mechanical properties of PP/SF composites achieved the maximum at 15% fiber content. In addition, the mechanical properties of PP composites reinforced by the treated SF increased compared with that of PP composites reinforced by the untreated SF, especially the reinforcement of titanate modified SF was most pronounced. Keyword：polypropylenesisal fiber, composite, m