以固体废物为原料制备地聚合物.ppt

以固体废物为原料制备地聚合物 概述 什么是地聚合物？ 20 世纪 70 年代，法国材料学家Joseph Davidovits提出了地聚合物(Geopolymer)的概念，地聚合物是由硅铝原料通过矿物缩聚而生成的一种具有无定形三维网络状结构的无机胶凝材料。 地聚合物兼有陶瓷、水泥、高分子材料的特点，其高强、高韧、耐腐蚀、耐火、重金属固封等优异性能使得地聚合物可广泛应用于建筑材料、固封核废料、废弃物处理和航空航天材料等领域。同时，地聚合物的生产能耗和“三废”排放量极低，是一种环境友好型材料。 概述 地聚合物反应机理 Glukhovsky模型----含活性硅铝相材料受碱激发的反应机理模型 该模型把地聚合反应分为 3 个阶段： 解构–重构阶段； 重构–凝聚阶段； 凝聚–结晶阶段。 聚合反应主要包括5 个层次： 溶出 物相平衡 凝胶化 重构 聚合与硬化 概述 地聚合物的结构 地聚合物缩聚大分子的结构通式为： M：碱金属元素 x：碱金属离子数目 z：硅铝比(1、2、3) n：缩聚度 w：化学结合水的数目 Mx[—(SiO2)z—AlO2—]n·wH2O Geopolymer synthetized from bottom coal ash and calcined paper sludge raw materials Bottom ash from coal burning calcined paper sludge alkaline activators Sodium hydroxide(97% purity) sodium silicate(SiO2/Na2O=3.3) analysis methods XRF XRD SEM FTIR compressive strength tests Geopolymer synthetized from bottom coal ash and calcined paper sludge Experimental bottom ash： dry in a laboratory stove for 24 h at 100℃ ground in a laboratory ball mill for 8 h evaluate the particle size distribution paper sludge： hydrochloric acid treatment wash with deionized water dry at 100℃ for 24 h calcine at 850℃ for 2 h ground in a ball mill for 8 h remove the CaCO3 remove the residue of calcium chloride cause the dehydroxylation of kaolin adjust the particle size distribution Geopolymer synthetized from bottom coal ash and calcined paper sludge Experimental The bottom ash and the calcined paper sludge were weighed and mixed and the sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were added using a mechanical stirrer until complete homogeniza- tion of the mixture for about 5 min The geopolymeric paste was poured into plastic containers (62.83 cm3) and cured at room temperature After 1、7、28、90 days the samples were demolded and tested for compressive strength. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Geopolymer synthetized from bottom coal ash and calcined paper sludge Results Geopolymer synthetized from