扬州市农业化肥施用现状及发展对策探讨.PDF

中国农学通报 2016,32(5): 101-105 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 扬州市农业化肥施用现状及发展对策探讨 李文西，毛 伟，姜 义，陈 欣，张月平 （扬州市土壤肥料站，江苏扬州225101 ） 摘 要：为掌握扬州市耕地质量现状，调查统计了扬州市60 年粮食产量、化肥施用的变化趋势。研究结 2 2 果表明：扬州市粮食产量呈增加趋势，粮食单产由2227.5 kg/hm 上升至10732.5 kg/hm ，而化肥用量先增 后减；分析了粮食产量与化肥用量二者之间的关系，早期（1952—1982 年）二者存在明显的相关性 2 (R =0.8110) 。同时，笔者阐述了扬州市当前耕地质量、肥料利用率存在的问题以及原因，并提出了耕地 质量提升对策，不断提高基础地力产量和肥料利用率，确保耕地质量健康可持续发展。 关键词：产量；化肥；耕地；基础地力；肥料利用率 中图分类号：S143，S512 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cas ApplicationSituationandDevelopmentCountermeasuresofChemicalFertilizerinYangzhou LiWenxi,MaoWei,JiangYi,ChenXin,ZhangYueping (YangzhouSoilandFertilizerExtensionServiceStation,YangzhouJiangsu225101) Abstract:Thevariationtrendsofcropyieldandchemicalfertilizerapplicationinsixtyyearswerestudiedto knowthestatusoffarmlandqualityinYangzhou.Theresultsshowedthatthecropyieldincreasedgenerally 2 2 from 2227.5 kg/hm to 10732.5 kg/hm,andtheapplicationamountofchemicalfertilizerincreasedfirstand thendecreased.Therelationshipbetweenthecropyieldandthechemicalfertilizerapplicationamountwere analyzed,anditpresentedanapparentcorrelationfrom 1952to 1982(R=0.8110).Theauthorselaboratedthe2 problemsinfarmlandqualityandfertilizeruseefficiency,andanalyzedthereasonsbehindtheseproblems.The countermeasuresforimprovingthefarmlandqualitywereproposed,suchasgraduallyimprovingbasicsoil fertilityandfertilizeruseefficiencytoguaranteethesustainabledevelopmentoffarmlandquality. Keywords:yield;chemicalfertilizer;farmland;basicsoilfertility;fertilizeruseefficiency 0 引言 加强耕地质量建设