第9章 航运管制机构.pptVIP

* Chapter 9 The institutions regulating shipping English on International Shipping * Wang_qingbin Transportaiton and Logistics college Dalian Maritime University Email: wqingbin@ Mobil* English on International Shipping Chapter 9 The institutions regulating shipping the regulatory system discussed is a second best solution. It consists of an ad hoc mix of rules and regulations enacted and enforced by three different regulatory authorities, they are the classification societies ,the flag states and the coastal states ?????????????????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????? Section 1 The classification societies The classification societies make rules for ship construction and maintenance and issue a class certificate to reflect compliance. Origin of the classification societies At first the main job was to grade ships. Technical committees were set up to write rule books setting the precise standards to which merchant ships should be built and maintained. These rules set the standards and the society policed them through their network of Ships Surveyors. The classification societies today enhance the safety of life and property at sea by securing high technical standards of design, manufacture, construction and maintenance of mercantile and non-mercantile shipping The regulatory activities of the classification societies Despite their obvious importance, the classification societies have no legal authority. There is no requirement for a shipowner to obtain classification, but classification is generally necessary to obtain insurance, and a ship would have little value without it. Det Norske Veritas (Norway) American Bureau of Shipping (USA) Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (Japan) Registro Italiano Navale (Italy) China Classification Society (China) Lloyds Register (UK) Germanischer Lloyd (Germany) Russia Maritime Register of Shipping (Russia) Korea Register of Shipping (Korea) Bureau of