核电厂厂址选择中与辐射防护相关的几个重要问题-中国电机工程学会.PDFVIP

核电厂厂址选择中与辐射防护相关的几个 重要问题 上官志洪，陈洋，张晓峰 苏州热工研究院有限公司，苏州市西环路 1788号 215004 Several significant issues related to the radiation protection in the siting of NPPs SHANGGUAN Zhi-hong, CHEN Yang, ZHANG Xiao-feng Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, No.1788# Xihuan Rd. Suzhou, 215004 ABSTRACT: The concept on the safety of nuclear power plants (NPPs) should be involved in the entire process of siting, design, construction, commissioning, operation and decommissioning. The environmental safety assessment in the siting could serve as the first safeguard of NPPs development. As the speedy development of nuclear power in China and the growth of complexity of environmental conditions of new sites, corresponding rules in current national standards become ambiguous and hard to execute, thus much disputation occurs when dealing with evaluation of NPPs’ site with complex environment conditions. Based on the investigation of domestic and foreign relevant rules and experience from the practice of domestic siting, this paper is to make some discussion on several disputable issues related to the radiation protection in the siting of NPPs, including the source term of hypothetical accident used in siting stage, the population density around sites, population center distance, and the management on the discharge of liquid radioactive effluents from inland NPPs. KEY WORD: Nuclear Power Plants; Siting; Source Term of Hypothetical Accident; Population Center Distance; Discharge Management; Concentration Control 摘要：核电厂的安全理念必须贯穿核电厂厂址选择、设计、建造、调试、运行、直至退役的整个过程。核 电厂厂址是核电发展的基础，核电厂厂址选择中的环境安全评价是核电发展过程中的第一道安全保障环节。 随着我国核电的快速发展，核电厂厂址选择中涉及的厂址环境条件趋于复杂，现有的环境辐射防护标准中 针对厂址选择的环境要求有些不够明确，可操作性较差，在处理目前环境条件复杂的厂址时，存在较大的 争议。本文通过国内外相关法规、标准的调研以及在我国核电厂厂址选择过程中的经验反馈，对核电厂厂 址选择过程中与辐射防护相关的若干存在争议的问题