英国政府介绍.ppt

David William Donald Cameron 53th The youngest prime minister in the last 200 years Super fun of Mrs. Thatcher British Election 选举委员会各项准备工作就绪后，包括工党、保守党以及自由民主党三个主要政党在内的英国各政党将会在整个英国各选区逐一争夺每一个议席。各政党的地方组织首先负责挑选本党在659个选区的候选人。候选人一旦确定下来，各政党就要展开激烈的竞选活动，核心是宣传自己的候选人和攻击竞选对手。竞选中，候选人会不断走访选民，发表演说。各政党还将以政治集会、设宣传车以及通过新闻媒体进行广告宣传等形式，扩大本党的影响，替本党候选人拉选票。在英国选举中，政党的影响度非常重要，候选人如果没有政党的帮助，通常根本不可能获胜。选民一般不看重候选人，反而更看重他(她)所代表的政党的总体表现。竞选一般仅持续3—4周，时间虽短，却很激烈。议会选举结束后，国王(或女王)召见多数党领袖，邀请他出任首相并着手组阁。照例，内阁名单早已拟好，议会表决通过后，新政府即告成立。最大的在野党依法成为正式的反对党，组成“影子内阁”。 Political System of the United Kingdom By kiki Introduction to British and American Culture Learning Focus The Monarchy The Parliament The House of Commons The Prime Minister The Constitution The Parties The election Introduction to British and American Culture Warm-up Who is the official head of the Chinese government? _____________________________ Who is the official head of the British government? _____________________________ What are the major parties in the U.K.? ____________________________ Who is the present Prime Minister of the U.K.? ____________________________ Introduction to British and American Culture The Monarchy Definition A government led by a king, a queen, an emperor, and so on The present sovereign Queen Elizabeth II The future monarch Prince Charles is the heir to the crown. Introduction to British and American Culture The Queen’s Powers The head of the executive branch The head of the armed forces Has the power to declare war Every law of the state is done in her name. All ministers are appointed by her. Introduction to British and American Culture The Queen Real importance: traditional and symbolic Most important job: to represent U.K. at home and abroad Sets standards of good citizenship and family life Introduction to British and American Culture National Festival The Queen’s birth