清末州考绩制度的演变-清史研究.pdfVIP

2005 年8 月 清史研究 A ug1 2005 第3 期 Studies in Q ing History N o13 关晓红 [ ] 1904 年开始实行的考核州县事实, 是清代考绩制度的重大变化它是清 试图通过体制内变革, 解 决吏治腐败的积弊, 并为推行新政考察和选拔能员干吏, 巩固权力基盘的措施但督抚势力坐大, 革故鼎新难 以兼顾统治集团内部的利益分歧, 而避重就轻的结果, 只能使改革徒具形式, 背离变政的初衷, 同样危及甚至 瓦解清朝的统治州县考绩制的变革及实行, 恰好显现了清 进退两难的困境 [ ] 清末 州县考绩 制度变革 考核州县事实 [ ] K 252 [ ] A [ ] 1002- 85 87 ( 2005 - 03- 0013- 12 The Evolution of the Magistrate Assessment System during the Late Qing In 1904, the Q ing court implemented important changes in the system for assessing pref ectur al and county mag is- trates. T his transfor matio n of the assessment system w as meant to root out off icial corruption , institute the Xinzheng Re- form , select capable off icials, and streng then the gov er nment. s pow er base. But , Pr ovincial Governors continued to hold g reat pow er and r eforming an ancient system w as diff icult , and there w ere divergent interests w ithin the ruling classes . In t he end , the r eformed avoided serious issues and dw elt on the trivial. Deviating from its orig inal intent , the refor m endan- gered and undermined Q ing governance. T he reform of the magistr ate assessment system precisely illustrates t he dilemma of enacting administrativ e r eform in the late Q ing . , , , , , , , , , , , ,