转变经济增长方式和发展的再思考-毕业论文外文翻译.docxVIP

西安邮电大学 毕 业 设 计（论 文）外文文献翻译学 院：经济与管理学院专 业：国际经济与贸易 班 级： 国贸XX班学生姓名：XXX导师姓名：XXX 职称：XX起止时间：2016年03 月 07 日至 2016 年 03月 10日英文原文Shifting patterns of economic growth and rethinking developmentAbstractThis paper provides an historical overview of both the evolution of the economic performance of the developing world and the evolution of economic thought on development policy. The twentieth century was broadly characterized by divergence between high-income countries and the developing world, with only a limited number (less than 10% of the economies in the world) managing to progress out of lower or middle-income status to high-income status. The last decade witnessed a sharp reversal from a pattern of divergence to convergence – particularly for a set of large middle-income countries. The latter phenomenon was also driven by increasing economic ties among developing countries and, on the intellectual scale, increased knowledge generation and sharing among the developing countries. Re-thinking development policy implies confronting these realities: twentieth century economic divergence, the experience of the handful of success stories, and the recent rise of the multi-polar growth world. This paper provides descriptive data and a literature survey to document these trends.KeywordsEconomic growth ,development,convergence,structural transformation1. IntroductionThe industrial revolution marked a dramatic turning point in the economic progress of nations. Technological innovation created new tools that created the potential for a dramatic increase in productivity and living standards. During the nineteenth century, a number of technological leaders and early adapters leapt ahead of the rest of the world, while others lagged behind.One might have expected that the twentieth century would have been a period in which technology spread across the world – allowing countries to catch up with advanced economies. This might have been achieved through trade