CrystalGrowth-生长技术.ppt

FZT(7) Crystal Growth Equilibrium in crystal growth The crystal growth must be thermodynamically stable at T and P of crystallization. Dependence of the melting point on pressure: Superheating is not possible Very slight supercooling required for growth FZT(8) Crystal Growth Distribution coefficient K0∽equilibrium constant if the crystal is neither growing nor dissolving as(eq):Equilibrium activity in the solid al(eq):Equilibrium activity in the liquid During growth,keff=effective distribution coefficient Try to reach keff=1!!! Dependency growth rate diffusion constant of the material in the melt. width of the diffusion layer FZT(9) Crystal Growth Control of the solvernt in Traveling Solvent Float zone technique: Solvent used for lowering the melting point,or reduce incongruent melting...... Goal:keep the solvent all along the growth if keff＞1 Depletion of the solvent concentration close to the growing crystal Bulk of melt richer in solvent than growth region FZT(10) Crystal Growth Stability conditions (Heywang-1956) Include: sruface tension gravitation field. melt wetting the solid completely. negligible volume change FZT(11) Crystal Growth －Stirring Function of the melt viscosity Rotation of the feed ＞seed (20 vs 15mm/hr) －Stability of solid phase Is the crystal to be grown the most stable phase? Is the melting congruent? YVO3:incongruent melting when doped with Calcium TbMn2O5:decomposes in TbMnO3 and MnO4 BiFeO3:Bi2Fe4O9 and Bi25FeO40 stable phase observation of the phase diagram XRD of the melt and of the solid phase FZT(12) Crystal Growth FZT(13) Crystal Growth －Vapor pressure Increase the pressure of the sample chamber Excess of the compound with the highest vapor pressure －Power control and