《Quantum diffraction and interference of spatially correlated photon pairs and its Fourier-optical analysis》青少年教育丛书.pdfVIP

Quantum diffraction and interference of spatially correlated photon pairs and its Fourier-optical analysis Ryosuke Shimizu,1 Keiichi Edamatsu,2,1 and Tadashi Itoh3, 1 1 CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan 2Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan 3 Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan (Dated: ) We present one- and two-photon diffraction and interference experiments involving parametric down-converted photon pairs. By controlling the divergence of the pump beam in parametric down- conversion, the diffraction-interference pattern produced by an object changes from a quantum (perfectly correlated) case to a classical (uncorrelated) one. The observed diffraction and interference patterns are accurately reproduced by Fourier-optical analysis taking into account the quantum spatial correlation. We show that the relation between the spatial correlation and the object size plays a crucial role in the formation of both one- and two-photon diffraction-interference patterns. PACS numbers: 42.50.-p, 42.50.Dv, 03.65.Ud, 03.65.Ta I. INTRODUCTION principle experiment of quantum lithography, that the width of the two-photon diffraction patterns is narrower than that of classical light by a factor of 2 [