前置式曲柄平衡抽油机设计.doc

前置式曲柄平衡抽油机 设计 单位：长庆钻井管局公司宁定服务部 姓名： 丛 成 摘 要 抽油机井采油是国内外油田最主要的机械采油方式。石油开采已经有很长历史了,其中有杆抽油系统起了很重要的作用。有杆抽油系统主要由抽油机、抽油杆、抽油泵等三部分组成，抽油机是有杆抽油系统最主要的举升设备。根据是否具有游梁，抽油机可以划分为游梁式抽油机和无游梁式抽油机。由于游梁式抽油机具有结构简单、工作可靠等优点，游梁式抽油机一直是国内外油田应用最广泛的举升设备。 本文首先阐述了各种抽油机的特点，然后是前置式曲柄平衡抽油机的设计方法，包括前置式曲柄平衡抽油机的工作原理、基本结构组成等；其次描述了该抽油机的各个零部件的设计方法和校核，其中有自行设计的零件，也有标准件的选用。该机采设备的研制将为油田后期开发提供有利的技术支持。 为了确定前置式抽油机悬点和各构件的运动状态及运动规律,建立了相应的运动和动力分析的解析方程,并对前置式抽油机的运动和动力规律进行了计算。为合理选择电动机、设计机械换向及平衡重提供了理论依据。 关键词：机械采油；有杆抽油系统；游梁抽油机系统；前置式曲柄平衡抽油机;运动分析 Abstract Pumping units are the main method of mechanical oil production in oil field home and abroad. The exploitation of the petroleum resources has a long history in the world.Rod pumping system has a lot effect about it. Rod pumping system consists of three parts,pumping unit,pulished rod and pump.Pumping unit is the most important lifting equipment of the rod pumping system . According to whether having the beam or not, the pumping unit can be divided into beam pumping unit and non-beam pumping unit. As the beam pumping unit having simple structure and the advantages of reliably, beam pumping unit has been used most widely in domestic and international oilfield. This paper covers the characteristics of various of pumping unit first.then displays the ideas of how to design the back-crank pumping unit,including the operational principle of the pumping unit,the structure of the pumping unit and so on.Then it displays how to design the details of the pumping unit and the ideas of choose standardized components and how to check the strength of thses details.In thses details some are designed by myself and others are standardized components. Therefore, the invention of this kind of equipment instrument will provide powerful technology support for oil field’s later exploitation. In order to determine the back-crank beam pumping unit and the components of the motion and movement, set up a dynamic analysis of movement and the analytical equations, and back-cra