2017-2018学年度第一学期八年级英语上第1-2语法.docxVIP

一、一般过去时。1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。结构：(1)主系表　主语＋was/were＋其他。 (2)主谓宾　主语＋谓语动词(过去式)＋宾语。2．表过去的时间状语。如：yesterday昨天 yesterday morning 昨天上午 just now刚才 two days ago两天前 in 1999在1999年等；last night/month/year/week昨晚/上个月/去年/上周；once upon a time从前。3．be动词在一般过去时中的变化：(1)am和is在一般过去时中变为was. (2)are在一般过去时中变为were. (3)带有was或were的句子，变为否定句时，在was或were后加not.其缩写形式(was not＝wasnt；were not＝werent)，变为一般疑问句时，把was或were调到句首。4. 一般过去时的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。1）Be动词:⑴肯定句:主语+was/were +其它?. I was late yesterday. 昨天我迟到了。 We were primary students 5 years ago.⑵否定句:主语+was /were＋not??+其它. We werent late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)(3)一般问句:be动词提前。Was/Were + 主语 +其它?I was ill yesterday. (改一般疑问句)→Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？）肯定回答：Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。) 否定回答： No, I wasnt. (不，我没病。) (4)特殊问句:对谓语动词进行提问的：疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋其它 (一般疑问句)？I was born in 1997.→When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ 2)实义动词：⑴肯定句:主语+V-ed +其它。I called up my good friend just now.(2)否定句: 主语+didn’t +V原形 +其它 I didn’t argue with Tom last week.(3)一般问疑句:Did +主语+ V原形 +其它？ I bought a souvenir in 2010. (改一般疑问句)→Did you buy a souvenir in 2010?肯定回答：Yes, I did. 否定回答：No, I didn’t.(4)特殊疑问句: 疑问词+did +主语+ V原形 +其它？I went to HongKong last year. →Where did you go to HongKong last year?5. 1）规则动词的过去式变化规则：（1） 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed. 如：play―played；worked（2）以e结尾的动词只加d. 如：like--- liked love―loved ,（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed. 如：study―studied carry―carried 以元音字母+ y结尾的动词不变，直接加ed. 如：play- played; stay-stayed（4）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stop―stopped 2）不规则动词的过去式：(1).过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同： let→let, put→put, read→read,(注意read的过去式读[red])(2). i→a: begin→began, drink→drank, give→gave, ring→rang, sing→sang, sit→sat, swim→swam(3). i→o: drive→drove, ride→rode, write→wrote(4). ow→ew: grow → grew, know → knew, throw → threw(5).含ough或augh的：bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought；catch→caught, teach→taught(6). am/is→was，are→were ，do→did ，can→could come→came一、把下列的动词变为过去式。ask______ borrow______ watch_____ want______like_____ live_____ love______ taste_____come_____ write_____play__