森林社会效益价值评价研究综述-世界林业研究.pdfVIP

17 3 Vol. 17No. 3 2004 6 World Forestry Research Jun. 2004 张　颖 ( , 100083) 对森林社会效益的认识可以追溯到18 世纪的德国, 主要是由于对森林美学的研究而引起的, 评价研究始于 20 世纪40 年代。对森林社会效益, 目前国内外还没有形成 一个明确的、权威的定义, 多数定义主要是对森林社会效 益内容的描述、列举, 还缺乏一个明确的、本质性的界定, 还需要从经济学、生态学、环境经济学、林学和社会学等角 度进行探索、研究。对评价内容也没有形成统 一的认识, 也处在认识、研究之中。比较认同的评价内容是森林提供的 就业机会、森林游憩和森林的科学、文化、历史价值。森林社会效益的价值评价方法的研究, 更是一个复杂的系统工 程, 目前, 对森林提供的就业机会主要采用投入产出法、指数法评价; 对森林游憩价值主要采用旅行费用法等评价; 对森林科学、文化、历史价值主要采用指标评价法、条件价值法和综合模型评价法等评价。 Review on the Research on Valuation of Forest Social Benef its Zhang　Ying ( Beijing Forestry Universit y, Beijing 100083, China) Abstract It w as ointed out that the evaluation of forest social benefits is becoming more and , more im ortant and the main ur ose of evaluation is to make valid and rational decisions for olicy makers. It could be traced back to 18th century in Germany to have a ractical understand- ing of forest social benefits, w ith mainly caused by forest aesthetic study , and the evaluation re- search started in 1940s. At resent at the home and abroad, an ex licit and authoritative defini- tion for forest social benefits has not been formed, many definitions and summarizations focused on the descri tions and enumerations, it could be still short of a clear and essential one, and still need more ex lore and research from the view oints of economics, ecology , environmental eco- , . , nomics forestry and sociology etc At one time an uniform understanding about the forest social