虚拟语气精心08.12月.ppt

语气是一种动词形式，表示说 话人对某一行为或事情的看法和 态度。 英语中共有 三种语气 陈述语气、 祈使语气、 虚拟语气 （the Indicative Mood） （the Imperative Mood） （the Subjunctive Mood） 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 语气的种类 用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。 用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。 表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、假设，猜测，不是表示客观存在的事实。 虚拟语气可用在if条件句、状语从句、名词性从句(主语从句，宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，)中。 一：虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法。 1.If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 2.If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. 3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 5.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing. 6.I think we could do it, if we planned it properly. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life. 与将来事实相反 If you took taxi, you would get there more quickly. 如果你坐出租车去，你就可以快一点到那里。（与现在事实相反，事实是你不坐） If I were you, I should/would be more careful. 如果我是你，我会更仔细些。（与现在事实相反，事实是我不是你） 注意：主句中的would可用于任何人称，should通常用于 第一人称 If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. 如果我当时知道你要来，我就去机场接你了。(与过去事实相反，事实是我当时不知道) If they came/were to come/should come tomorrow, they would know our secret. 如果他们明天真的来了，他们就会知道我们的秘密。(与将来事实可能相反) Exercises: 1. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come D 省掉if的条件从句的用法： 如果从句的谓语中有should, had, were时，则可以省去if,把这些词提到句首倒装。 1. Were I you, I would get up early every morning.= If I were you, I would get up early every morning. 2. Should she come tomorrow, I should give her the book. = If she should come tomorrow, I should give her the book. 3. Had I taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. = If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 在强调条件从句时，常省去主句，表示“已不能实现”的愿望，它常用if only来引导,译成：要是… … 多好啊！ e.g. If only he were here. 如果他在这儿就好了。 If only I had followed your advice! 如果我按你的建议做了该多好啊！ If only I could see him again! 如果我能再见到他该多好啊！ 用介词短语代替条件状语从句，常用的有with, without, but for. What wo