层面对煤岩层水力致裂影响的实测分析-山西煤炭建设网.DOCVIP

文章编号： 层面对煤岩层水力致裂影响的实测分析 中煤平朔集团，山西 朔州 摘 要：为了分析层面对煤岩层水力致裂的影响，采用RFPA2D-Flow数值模拟和现场观测，得出水压裂缝空间整体分布表现为以钻孔为中心，沿煤层方向逐步向外辐射发展，离致裂孔越远，水压裂缝的数目越少，随致裂水压力的增加，水压裂缝的数目和范围逐渐增大，随着致裂范围的增大，沿程压力损失和水的滤失速度加快，水压裂缝的扩展速度逐渐降低并趋于平缓；分析出水压裂缝沿层面扩展的同时会在应力场作用下不断萌生分支裂纹，分支裂纹扩展延伸与层面沟通，形成水压裂缝网；分析出层面是高压水渗流的主要通道，对水压裂缝扩展有重要影响，水压裂缝主要沿煤层层面、煤岩和煤矸交界面进行扩展。 关键词：煤岩层；层面；水力致裂；扩展规律 The measured analysisffect of bedding plane on hydraulic fracturing for coal-rock seam Jiangwei Liu1，Abstract:Research on the effect of bedding plane on hydraulic fracturing with numerical simulation software of RFPA2D-Flow and In-situ observation under the condition of different stress states and tensile strength of bedding plane is carried out. As experimental results shows, the overall spatial distribution of hydraulic crack is as follows: in the center of drilling hole, hydraulic crack gradually develops radially outward in the direction of coal seam. The further the distance from drilling hole is, the less hydraulic crack is. With the increase of fracturing water pressure, the number and range of hydraulic crack increases gradually. With the increase of fracturing range, frictional pressure loss and water filtration speed rise and the propagation speed of hydraulic crack declines gradually to be stable. Under the effect of stress field, hydraulic crack propagation along bedding plane can lead to branch fissure initiation in the same time. When branch fissure propagates and communicate with bedding plane, hydraulic crack net is formed. As the major channel of high pressure water seepage, bedding plane exerts a great influence on hydraulic crack propagation. As a result, hydraulic crack mainly propagates along bedding plane of coal seam and the interface between coal- rock and gangue. Keywords: coal-rock seam; bedding plane; hydraulic fracturing; propagation rules 0 引 言 石油、天然气储层及煤矿井下开采所面对的岩体多是长期沉积形成的沉积岩层，为横向层状结构。因此，在研究其受力产生的力学响应时，一般应将沉积岩层，尤其是煤岩层，视为横观各向同性体[1,2]。 无论在石油行业还是煤炭行业，控制水压裂缝仅在储层和煤层中横向延伸，限制储层和煤层外垂向水压裂缝的数目和扩展长度，是提高水力致裂效率的有效