核电厂实际消除大量放射性释放的可能性初探.PDFVIP

核电厂“实际消除大量 放射性释放的可能性”初探 张弛  柴国旱  （环境保护部核与辐射安全中心，北京 100082） 【摘  要】 日本福岛核事故后，我国政府制定的 《核安全与放射性污染防治 “十二五”规划及2020年远景目标》 中，对未来及十三五期间我国新建核电厂提出了 “实际消除大量放射性释放”的安全目标和要求。该安全概念系 我国首次提出，对指导我国未来核电发展和实施 “一带一路”战略具有重要意义。本文结合多年的核安全技术评 价实践，阐述了该概念的起源、发展和相关特点。我国相关设计院近年来推出的具有我国自主知识产权的第三代 核电技术，就是对该技术的实践和探索。本文提出了实现该安全目标应考虑的6个方面，便于准确理解其内涵并 利于执行。 【关键词】 核电；核安全；实际消除；放射性释放 【 中图分类号】 【文献标识码】【 】 【文章编号】 TL364+.5 A DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2396.2016.03.0022016]44-0007-05 Preliminary Consideration for ‘Physically Elimination of Large Discharge of Radioactive Materials’ of Nuclear Power Plants ZHANG Chi CHAI Guohan (Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, MEP, Beijing 100082, China) Abstract: After Fukushima Accident, Chinese Government proposed the concept of ‘Physically Elimination of large discharge of radioactive material’ for future new constructing nuclear power plants in the The Nuclear Safety and Radioactive Pollution Control Program for the 12th Five-Year Plan Period and Long-term Goals to Be Reached by 2020. This concept is put forward for the first time, and it is of great significance for the development of Nuclear Energy and ‘One Road and One Belt’ strategy. Based on work practice of technical review of nuclear safety, this paper investigated the technical character and key points of that new emerging concept in China. The design institutes have done the exploration for it and contributed the third generation Nuclear Energy technology with our own independent intellectual property rights. The six preliminary considerations were provided for better understanding and performance. Key words: nuclear energy; nuclear safety; physically elimination; discharge of radioactive materials