岛式站台地铁车站人员的安全疏散仿真研究-计算机工程与应用.PDF

Computer Engineering and Applications 计算机工程与应用 2014 ，50（15） 261 岛式站台地铁车站人员的安全疏散仿真研究 胡 凯，段中兴 HU Kai, DUAN Zhongxing 西安建筑科技大学 信息与控制工程学院，西安 710055 The Information and Control Engineering School, Xi ’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi ’an 710055, China HU Kai, DUAN Zhongxing. Simulation research on safe evacuation of island platform metro station personnel. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2014, 50 （15）：261-266. Abstract ：The metro becomes an integral vehicle of modern city transportation. As the specificity of the operating envi- ronment of the metro, under accident conditions it extremely leads to the problem of personal safe evacuation of the metro station. The inland platform metro station in Xi ’an as the research object, this paper uses the Building Exodus software to simulate safe evacuation from personnel composition, the quantity of entrances and exits, the width of the stairs and the situation of fire, establishes the metro station model to simulate the evacuation time in each situation, then compares with the results calculated by the formula from “code for design of metro”. The simulation results truly reflect the influence of various factors on the evacuation capacity of the station. It draws a conclusion that the design of the stairs is a bottleneck for the entire evacuation process, furthermore makes relevant recommendations. Key words ：metro station; person evacuation; evacuation time; evacuation simulation; Building Exodus software 摘 要：地铁成为现代城市不可或缺的交通工具。但其特殊的运营环境容易引发事故状态下地铁车站人员的安全 疏散问题。以西安某岛式站台地铁车站为研究对象，运用Building Exodus 软件分别从人群结构、出入口数量、楼梯 宽度以及火灾情况下对地铁车站进行人员安全疏散的模拟仿真研究，通过建立地铁车站模型仿真出各场景下的疏 散时间，并与《地铁设计规范》中公式计算所得到的结果进行比对。仿真结果较真实地反映了各因素对车站人员疏 散能力的影响，得出楼梯的设计是整个疏散过程的瓶颈所在，并提出相关建议。 关键词：地铁车站；人员疏散；疏散时间；疏散模拟；Building Exodus 软件 文献标志码：A 中图分类号：TP391.9 doi ：10.3778/j.issn. 1002-8331.1209-0036 1 引言