基于SCADA数据库参数估计进行传输线测量.docVIP

外文翻译 原文： Measurement of Transmission Line Parameters from SCADA Data G. L. Kusic and D. L. Garrison Abstract--Transmission line equivalent circuit parameters are often 25% to 30% in error compared to values measured by the SCADA system. These errors cause the economic dispatch to be wrong, and lead to increased costs or incorrect billing. The parameter errors also affect contingency analysis, short circuit analysis, distance relaying, machine stability calculations, transmission planning, and State Estimator Analysis. An economic example is used to demonstrate the affect of transmission line errors. SCADA measurements from several utilities are used to compute the ‘real world’ value of the transmission line parameters. State Estimation with the estimated parameters is compared to the computations using the theoretical values. Index Terms—SCADA Measurements, State Estimation, Transmission Line Parameter Estimation I. INTRODUCTION Utilities in most instances use theoretical values for line parameters calculated from ideal line geometry such as height of conductor above flat, constant resistance earth. Earth resistivity is variable with terrain. Conductor sag effects are impossible to estimate over hilly terrain. Usually shield wires are grounded at each tower instead of floating over the entire line length. Line resistance varies with current, the ambient temperature and wind effects. An outage is required to measure the line charging equivalent capacitance, only if one-sided excitation does not cause too much voltage rise on the open-circuit end. Construction of new parallel lines with mutual coupling, affects old database values. The series reactance of a transmission line is rarely measured, so the value used is for an ideally transposed line. Lines are not transposed because of the added construction cost to mechanically alter positions of the conductors with respect to the support poles every 1/3 the distance. With all of these variations from ideal c