汉语的语素概念提取和语义构词分析.PDFVIP

文章编号：1003-0077 （2017）00-0000-00 汉语的语素概念提取与语义构词分析* 刘扬 1,2，林子 1,3，康司辰 1,3 （1.北京大学 计算语言学教育部重点实验室，北京 100871； 2.北京大学 计算语言学研究所，北京 100871； 3.北京大学中国语言文学系，北京 100871） 摘要：作为基础的表义单位，语素及此上的构词分析，既是汉语作为意合语言进行语义分析 的起点，也是认知、理解词义的关键。本文提出了一种探寻汉语语义基元和分析语义构词的 新的方法和视角：基于语素义相似度计算形成 “同义语素集”，用来表征 “语素概念”，并 借鉴生成词库理论和面向对象思想形成 “语素概念体系”；建立在这些基础上的汉语语义构 词分析，在全局性语义分析、数据挖掘等方面也有新的进展。这些思路、做法及语言资源建 设，有望推动人文领域和计算应用等相关工作的开展。 关键词：语素 ；语素义 ；语素概念 ；语义基元 ；语义构词 中图分类号：TP391 文献标识码：A Towards a Description of Chinese Morphemic Concepts and Semantic Word-Formation Liu Yang 1,2，Lin Zi1,3，Kang Sichen1,3 (1. Key Laboratory of Computational Linguistics (Ministry of Education) ，Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 2. Institute of Computational Linguistics, Peking University, Beijing 10087 1, China; 3. Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) Abstract: Morphemes and their Word-Formation Analysis are both the starting point for the semantic analysis of Chinese as the parataxis language, and also the key to understanding the meaning of words. This paper presents a novel approach to exploring the Chinese Semantic Primitives and using them for Semantic Word-Formation Analysis: first form the Synonymous Morpheme Sets, used for denoting the Morphemic Concepts, based on similarity calculation of Chinese morpheme glosses; then form the Morphemic Concept Hierarchy, serving as a systematic description of the Chinese Semantic Primitives, by principles of the Generative Lexicon Theory and the Object-Oriented Ideas; built on these, Chinese Semantic Word-Formation Analysis has made new progress from overall consideration and data mining. Th