国际经济学作业答案-第十章.doc

Chapter 10 Trade in Developing Countries (Multiple Choice Questions 1. The infant industry argument was an important theoretical basis for (a) Neo-colonialist theory of international exploitation. (b) Import-substituting industrialization. (c) Historiography of the industrial revolution in Western Europe. (d) East-Asian miracle. (e) None of the above. Answer: B 2. Sophisticated theoretical arguments supporting import-substitution policies include (a) Terms of trade effects. (b) Scale economy arguments. (c) Learning curve considerations. (d) The problem of appropriability. (e) None of the above. Answer: D 3. General equilibrium considerations lead to the realization that import-substituting policies have an effect of (a) Discouraging exports. (b) Encouraging exports. (c) Encouraging an efficient use of a country’s resources. (d) Generating large tariff revenues for the government (e) None of the above. Answer: A 4. Historically those few developing countries which have succeeded in significantly raising their per-capita income levels (a) Did not accomplish this with import-substituting industrialization. (b) Did accomplish this with import-substituting industrialization. (c) Tended to provide heavy protection to domestic industrial sectors. (d) Favored industrial to agricultural or service sectors. (e) None of the above. Answer: A 5. Statistical evidence suggests that (a) Free trade policies promote economic growth more effectively than do import substitution policies. (b) Import substituting policies tend to promote effective exploitation of scale economies. (c) Import substitution tends to lead to relatively low effective rates of protection. (d) Import substitution is to this day the preferred growth strategy promoted by the World Bank. (e) None of the above. Answer: A 6. The growth successes of the high performance Asian economies (a) Supports the belief that economic development requires import substitution policies. (b) Rejects the belief that export-orient