第一讲 专业四级词汇讲与练.ppt

专业四级词汇讲与练 GuoBin 如何记词汇？ 构词法记忆 e.g. brunch, chunnel, smog 类别记忆 词性类别、短语类别 对比记忆 e.g. ensure assure insure 联系记忆 同义词、近义词、反义词、形近音近易混词 构词法记忆 派生词 派生法（derivation）是英语主要的构词法。主要有名词、形容词和动词三种。 前缀以否定前缀（negative prefixes）un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, non-, dis-, mis-, mal-等为主，使延伸出来的派生词变成反义词。 I.名词派生词 balance→imbalance； pleasure→displeasure； management→ mismanagement； efficiency→inefficiency； concern→unconcern ； literacy→illiteracy； resolution→irresolution； interference→noninterference； nutrition→malnutrition II.形容词派生词 accurate→inaccurate；patient→impatient. regular→ irregular； legal→illegal；native→non-native； orderly→ disorderly；common→uncommon. III. 动词派生词 agree→disagree； judge→misjudge； treat→maltreat； use→ill-use； activate→inactivate；mobilize→immobilize； manage→mismanage；quote→unquote. 除了否定前缀之外，其他常用的前缀还有 anti-, auto-, bi-, co-, counter-, de-, ex-, inter-, mono-, post, pre-, pro-, re-, sub-, super-, trans-, tri-, ultra-等。 anti-government auto-intoxication bilateral coexistence counter-argument de-emphasize ex-president international monolingual post-war precaution pro-China re-state subhuman superimpose trans-Atlantic triangle ultra-smart courage → encourage amaze → amazement commerce → commercial kind → kindness depend → dependent fright → frighten modern → modernize beauty → beautify year → yearly quick → quickly 固定短语 常考动词短语： 由get, take, entitle, hand, carry, come, draw, keep, stand, pay, look, suppose, possess, throw, pull, bring, dispose, admit, intend, absorb, engross, involve, do, preside, catch, work, fall, fit, prefer, reduce, part, make, move 等。 1. My mother can’t get ____ because she has rheumatism. A. about B. on C. through D. in 2. Most people can’t get ___