二语习得Styles and Strategies.ppt

VI. Styles and Strategies Style style, learning style, second language learning style a. Field independence, Field dependence b. Left- and right-brain functioning c. Ambiguity tolerance Styles and Strategies Strategy a. learning strategies b. communication strategies c. learner strategy training Styles and Strategies Styles General meaning of style: Style is a term that refers to consistent and rather enduring tendencies or preferences within an individual. Styles are those general characteristics of intellectual functioning (and personality type, as well) that especially pertain to you as an individual, that differentiate you from someone else. For example, you might be more visually oriented, more tolerant of ambiguity, or more reflective than someone else—these would be styles that characterize a general pattern in your thinking or feeling. 172 Styles and Strategies Strategies are specific methods of approaching a problem or task, modes of operation for achieving a particular end, planned designs for controlling and manipulating certain information. Strategies vary intraindividually; each of us has a whole host of possible ways to solve a particular problem and we choose one—or several of those in sequence—for a given problem. Styles and Strategies Styles 1. Style: examples, You have landed a foreign country and you don’t know the language. The worse thing is that your luggage is missing. What you are going to do will reflect your style. Do you prefer to ask the way if you are not sure about the direction? ( tolerant of ambiguity, reflective, field independent, field dependent, impulsive). Styles and Strategies 2. Learning style When cognitive styles are specifically related to an educational context, where affective and physiological factors are intermingled, they are usually more generally referred to as learning styles. Learning styles might be thought of as “cognitive, affective, and physiol