给水排水专业英语课件(李田)8.pptVIP

Unit 8 Mixing and Flocculation New words and expressions coagulate v. 凝结 Blood coagulates when it meets air. adj. 凝结的 settling n. 沉淀 沉淀作用 沉淀物 disperse v. (使)分散, (使)散开, 疏散 The police dispersed the crowd. instantaneous adj. 瞬间的 即刻的 即时的 aluminium n. 铝 hydroxide? n. 氢氧化物 calcium ? n. 钙 carbonate ? n. 碳酸盐 vt. 使变成碳酸盐, 使充满二氧化碳 New words and expressions agglomerate ? vt. 使成团 使成块 使凝聚 gradient n. 坡度 梯度 adj. 倾斜的 pilot plant 试验工厂 中试装置 collision n. 碰撞 冲突 constraint n. 约束, 强制, 局促 geometry constraint n. 几何约束 dynamic n. 动力的 动力学的 动态的 viscosity n. 粘度 粘滞性 New words and expressions shaft n. 轴, 杆状物 the shaft of an arrow static mixer n. 静态混合器 Parshall flume n. 巴歇尔计量槽 rule of thumb n. 经验法则 经验方法 empirical rule collide v. 碰撞 turbine n. 涡轮 impeller? n. 推进器 叶轮 baffle n. 挡板 导流片 v. 阻碍 vortex n. 旋涡, 旋风, 涡流 taper n. 锥形, 锥度 v. 逐渐变细, 逐渐减少 Clearly, if the chemical reactions in coagulating and softening a water are going to take place, the chemical must be mixed with the water. In this section we will begin to look at the physical methods necessary to accomplish the chemical processes of coagulation and softening. The basis of what will be presented applies to any operation of mixing, flocculating, settling, or filtering. Mixing, or rapid mixing as it is called, is the process whereby the chemicals are quickly and uniformly dispersed in the water. Ideally, the chemicals would be instantaneously dispersed throughout the water. During coagulation and softening the chemical reactions that take place in rapid mixing form precipitates. Either aluminum hydroxide or iron hydroxide form during the case of coagulation , while calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide form during the case of softening. After forming the precipitates, it is necessary to bring them into contact with one another so that they can agglomerate and form larger particles, called flocs. This contac