水产饲料中鱼粉替代解决方案.pdfVIP

The Technics of Fish Meal Replacement in Aqua-feed in Europe 水产饲料中鱼粉替代解决方案 以北欧为例 Trond Storebakken Yuexing Zhang(张月星) 挪威生命科学大学 1 European fish farming, most important species: 欧洲大宗水产养殖品种 2 Why salmon and trout as our example? 本报告内容皆以三文鱼和虹鳟为例，原因如下： • Most important (in volume and value) fish farmed in Europe 养殖规模及产值在 欧洲居首 • Mature industry – strong governmental regulations on health, food safety, environment 产业成熟-政府监管到位（包括对养殖鱼类的健康、食品安全以及 养殖环境等） − Focus on cost per ton of fish produced (growth rate, feed conversion, survival) rather than price per ton of feed. 更关注每吨产出的生产成本（包括：生长率、饲料转化率、存活率）而非每吨饲料 的价格 − Focus on product quality 更关注水产品的品质（如：三文鱼的肉质） • Driving development in fish feed technology internationally 绝大部分饲料加工新 技术的发展由鲑鳟鱼饲料公司所驱动 • Both species are in genetic selection programs – continuously improved fish performance 两个品种数十年来一直开展遗传选育，其生产性能不断提升 • The two of us have worked most with these two species 我们实验室的传统研究 品种 3 Salmonid diets and nutrition 鲑鳟鱼类饲料及营养 • FCR 1.15 tons per ton produced for 1.3 mill tons in Norway • 仅挪威的鲑鳟鱼饲料的年产高达130万吨，饵料系数1.15左右 • Formulated, extruder processed diets from first feeding to slaughter • 从开口摄食养到上市规格（2.5-4 kg ）全程使用膨化配合饲料 • Salmon and trout are fatty fish – high fat diets, vacuum coated and require high nutrient concentration （concentrated ingredients ） • 三文和虹鳟皆为高体脂型鱼类，饲料使用真空喷涂添加高油脂及浓缩型的蛋白 原料，营养水平高 • Astaxanthin is added to the feed to make the flesh red • 饲料中添加虾青素以保证鱼肉色泽鲜明 • Salmonids are glucose intolerant and poorly digest starch – less than 10% starch in the diets • 鲑鳟鱼对葡萄糖