经济学原理(西方经经济学)期末考试题库.doc

Mankiw Essentials of Economics Test Bank Points 1.Multiple Choice Economics deals primarily with the concept of( ) scarcity. poverty. change. power. Which of the following is NOT included in the decisions that every society must make?( ) what goods will be produced who will produce goods what determines consumer preferences消费者的偏好 who will consume the goods A rational decision maker takes an action only if the( ) marginal benefit is less than the marginal cost. marginal benefit is greater than the marginal cost. average benefit is greater than the average cost. marginal benefit is greater than both the average cost and the marginal cost. Macroeconomics is the study of（） individual decision makers. economic history. economy-wide phenomena. how firms maximize profit A microeconomist might study each of the following EXCEPT( ) the effects of rent control on housing in New York City. how a college student makes financial decisions. how tariffs on shoes affects the shoe industry. the effect on the economy when unemployment rates change. The term market failure refers to( ) a situation in which the market on its own fails to allocate resources efficiently. an unsuccessful advertising campaign which reduces buyer demand. a situation in which competition among firms becomes ruthless. a firm which is forced out of business because of losses. Which of the following is an example of a normative 规范（主观）statement?( ) If the price of a product decreases, quantity demanded increases. Reducing tax rates on the wealthy would be good for the country. If the national saving rate were to increase, so would the rate of economic growth. All of the above are correct. For each good produced in a market economy, demand and supply determine( ) the price of the good, but not the quantity. the quantity of the good, but not the price. both price and quantity. neither price nor quantity is determined by demand and supply, because prices are ultimately set by producers. A higher price fo