Critical path method关键路径法.ppt

What exactly is a project? Characteristic of a project A project is a temporary endeavour involving a connected sequence of activities and a range of resources, which is designed to achieve a specific and unique outcome and which operates within time, cost and quality constraints and which is often used to introduce change. Project Management Process Project planning Project scheduling Project control Project team made up of individuals from various areas and departments within a company Matrix organization a team structure with members from functional areas, depending on skills required Project Manager most important member of project team Scope statement a document that provides an understanding, justification, and expected result of a project Statement of work written description of objectives of a project Organizational Breakdown Structure a chart that shows which organizational units are responsible for work items Responsibility Assignment Matrix shows who is responsible for work in a project Work breakdown structure A method of breaking down a project into individual elements ( components, subcomponents, activities and tasks) in a hierarchical structure which can be scheduled and cost It defines tasks that can be completed independently of other tasks, facilitating resource allocation, assignment of responsibilities and measurement and control of the project It is foundation of project planning It is developed before identification of dependencies and estimation of activity durations It can be used to identity the tasks in the CPM and PERT Project Planning Resource Availability and/or Limits Due date, late penalties, early completion incentives Budget Activity Information Identify all required activities Estimate the resources required (time) to complete each activity Immediate predecessor(s) to each activity needed to create interrelationships Project Scheduling and Control Techniques History of CPM/PERT Critical Path Method (CPM) E I Du Pont de Nemour