（新课标）天津市2018届高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 阅读理解 专题能力训练十四 阅读理解（五）.docVIP

专题能力训练十四　阅读理解(五) A (2017·天津和平区二模,D) Saying “I’m sorry” when you’ve hurt someone can be a hard thing to do.We’re stubborn creatures,after all,and don’t love dealing with it when we’re wrong.But apologizing,and meaning it,is an important part of the forgiveness process. Michael McCullough made a research and found that the most sincere,forgiveness-inducing apologies include saying “I’m sorry”,offering to make up for the wrongdoing in some way,and taking responsibility.And the reason why they work so well is largely based on principles of evolution;the apologies make the transgressor(犯错的人) seem more valuable as a relationship partner,and also help the victim feel less at risk of getting hurt again. One basic scientific implication of the results is that the human psychology of conflict resolution is unusually similar to that of animals which live in groups.“Many group-living animals,particularly mammals,seem to use ‘peace-making gestures’ as signals of their desire to end conflict and restore cooperative relationships with other individuals after aggressive conflict has occurred,”McCullough said.“We seem to reach a common view on this point.” “I would say that empathy(情感共鸣) is a part of good mental health,and that could be a part of the natural selection process,too,”Bethany Marshall says.“Humans with empathy tend to be healthier and make better choices in life,while those who are aggressive don’t tend to do as well.” And having empathy when you’ve hurt someone,she says,is the best way to apologize.“The most important thing is that you feel the other person’s pain,”she explains.“So instead of using logic to explain or defend,look inward to identify why you did the bad thing.Then convey that to them and say that you would like to make it better.That counts.” You can make it even better by making sure to act differently the next time around—what the study authors referred to as “compensation”(补偿).But what tends to happen often,says Marshall,is that people get defensive a