啤酒游戏-.ppt

陆岚 啤酒游戏－　　供应链信息模拟 陆 岚 Beer Game – Supply Chain Simulation Simulation Settings Overly simplified supply chain Selling kegs of beer Roles Factory (warehouse) Distributor Wholesaler Retailer Supply Channels Retailer Order beer from wholesaler Manages inventory levels Sells/ships beer to fill end-consumer’s orders Wholesaler Order beer from distributor Manages inventory levels Sells/ships beer to fill retailer’s orders Distributor Order beer from factory warehouse Manages inventory levels Sells/ships beer to fill wholesaler’s orders Factory Schedule beer production in factory Manages finished goods inventory levels Sells/ships beer to fill distributor’s orders Leadtimes Order processing delay Transportation delay Unit cycle time: one week Cost structure Inventory holding cost: $1 for each keg of beer in the inventory at the end of each week Lost of sales cost $2 for each keg of beer that is backlogged at the end of each week What you should do every week Receive beer from upstream supplier Receive order from downstream customer Ship the beer to fill the demand as much as possible, as inventory permit Backlogged orders must be filled in subsequent week, as inventory permit Send an order to your upstream supplier Objectives Minimize total channel costs The total cost that the four members incurred through the exercise 模拟设定 过度简化的供应链 销售桶装啤酒 角色 工厂（仓库） 配销商 批发商 零售商 供货商通路 零售商 向批发商订购啤酒 管理存货水平 销售与运送啤酒以满足最终顾客的订单 批发商 向配销商订购啤酒 管理存货水平 销售与运送啤酒以满足零售商的订单 配销商 向工厂订购啤酒 管理存货水平 销售与运送啤酒以满足批发商的订单 工厂 决定工厂的啤酒生产排程 管理成品的存货水平 销售与运送啤酒以满足配销商的订单 前置时间 订单处理时间 运送时间 单位周期时间：一周 成本结构 存货持有成本： 每周结束时，持有每桶啤酒的成本：$0.5 缺货成本： 每周结束时，缺货一桶啤酒的成本：$1 你每一轮该做些什么？ 自上游供货商取得啤酒 取得下游顾客的订单 只要有足够的存货，就尽可能的运送出啤酒以满足需求 不足的订单，只要有存货，就会在下一周加以满足 向你的上游供货商下订单 目标 使通路的总成本最少 总成本是加总四个成员在整个活动中所产生的成本 实际操作 熟悉规则 群体分别扮演四个角色 分组，组与组间竞争 其他说明 各个角色拥有独立自主权 可决定该向上游下多少订单、向下游销出多少货物 彼此只能透过订单／送货程序来沟通 每一轮听指挥两个动作，收货＆下订单 终端消费者，则由excel随机数产生。而且，只有零售商才能直接面对消费者 20周左右 Scenarios 1. lead time = 3 weeks Order delay = 2, transport delay = 1 2. lead time = 1 w