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Linux Policy Routing Structures
Linux 策略路由的基本结构及其在复杂网络环境中的应用
The case for implementing Policy Routing and the related structures is easy to see. What is harder to grasp is the scope and the impact on the packet-passing paths within a TCP/IP network. The question of where and how the packets are passed from and through a network-connected device can deeply affect the points of application of Policy Routing structures.
This chapter will explore the structure that allows packets to pass through a system. Most of this discussion will center on understanding the logic of the packet traversal. At times you may need to delve into the actual operation of the system innards.
The overall structure of this chapter is written with an eye to generalize as much as possible to ease understanding across disparate systems. The implementation structure will be drawn from the posits and foundations of the need for Policy Routing as espoused to a large extent in Chapter 2. Where possible the examples of usage for Policy Routing as arisen from the limitations of traditional routing will be referenced to clarify why particular Policy Routing structures exist.
3.1 The Triad Elements - Address, Route, Rule
The core of Policy Routing rests on the use of three elements. These are the traditional elements of Address and Route as extended by Policy Routing, and the additional Policy Routing element: Rule.
Address?? defines the location of a service. Route?? defines the location of the address. Rule?? defines the location of the route. These three elements comprise the structure around which the implementation of Policy Routing is built. All three play unique roles that can act singularly, but they are most effective when combined. The interactions between these elements provides the flexibility, and the complexity, seen in Policy Routing.
The order in which you look at these elements determines the output you derive from the system. Because each element is totally independent of the other
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